Why is Catherine the leader of Russia when the empire was at it's zenith under Nicholas I?
Why is Oda Nobunaga leader of Japan but not Meiji?
It's called Meji instead of Japan because this game spans all of human history, not just the period in which Oda was alive.
I stand by my earlier brief statement: because of Alexander.
Then you're still wrong because Civ5 explicitly states that the Persian leader is Darius I, and not Darius III, who was defeated by Alexander the Great.
The first time was possibly excusable because they had the same name and perhaps you were confused. But the second time is inexcusable because you didn't even bother to check your facts; despite that you defiantly reiterated your wrong opinion, which only demonstrates your stubborness and willful ignorance.
Sticking to your guns and doubling down on something that you were wrong about doesn't suddenly make you right, OrsonM.
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The game doesn't hold a civilization to one period of time.
Why does Germany have a Landschnekt UU when Bismarck is leader?
Obvious answer.
EDIT: More leaders is another solution.
I'll post the link when I find it...
There's a reason it's Cyrus the Conqueror, but Darius the Great. Cyrus took over a lot of land. Darius turned it into a great, powerful state. He was better in securing control over the empire, making it run better, creating an effective civil service. I think he created the Satrapies, but I'm probably wrong there. Meaning there's more to being an effective ruler than just conquering. Darius did all the other stuff (although he did finish conquests in Asia, taking the Empire to the Aegean).
The reason is they don't want to. They don't want to tie a Civ to a specific era since you have to play them for the whole game. Plus, inclusiveness isn't a bad thing. That way nobody can complain that the Holy Roman Empire isn't in the game, since it's represented by Germany. Nobody has batted an eye in previous games with Gandhi and War Elephants representing India.
That's a bit beside the point. How about France having the Musketeers, even though the leader only represents post-Revolution France. How about England having Longbows even though Elizabeth didn't (nor Ship of the Lines). They want to represent more than just a narrow time period.