Rik is correct. I apologize if this was overly difficult -- I've always thought that this atoll presented an interesting tactical exercise -- it must have been hell trying to figure out how to defend such a narrow strip of coral.
What nations invaded Persia in August and September 1941 and what was the main reason to invade it ?
(of course Oil, but I mean political. Why didn't Persia ally with the Axis nor the Allies).
Not just oil, but to have a route by which to send supplies
to the SU which could not easily be interdicted by the Germans.
Both Britain and and the SU were involved.
Serutan is on the right track. The nations involved were indeed USSR and UK.
But the reason Persia "needed" to be invaded by them isn't solved yet. Although logistics and Oil played major parts, these aren't the direction of answers I am looking for. I'm thinking of politics.
As far as FF's answer; joining the Axis' side is more in the direction (but very incomplete). I want to know why Persia was "in danger" to join the Axis and not the Allies and why it hadn't joined any side it all at that time.
(making the invasion in fact an invasion by allied powers of a neutral sovereign country. WW II was not all "black and wide", "us and them" nor "good guys and bad guys"... )
Well, Persia certainly did not volunteer to be a rail corridor to
the SU. The version I have seen is that the British were
negotiating with Persia for transit rights, and the Persians were
not being cooperative. Stalin stepped in with an ultimatum
(basically, "Give us what we want or we beat the hell out of you
and take it anyway"), at which point Persia caved, and was
left nominally independent but occupied by British and
Soviet forces.
At a guess, I would say there was a fear that if the Germans
could get Turkey to join them, and succeeded in their attempt to
put a pro-German government in Iraq, they could (using Persian
dislike of the British and probably Soviets) persuade Persia to
join them, giving them a back door route into the SU, and
also a road to British India which might allow a linkup with
the Japanese.
... You are all nearing the core of the answer, without actually touching it ...
Time for a hint.
Hint: Due to Persia's location and its Oil it was always going to be forced to join sides. Persia was just way too important (and too weak) not to side. Persia could have chosen itself which side to join, but chose to not choose. This was because of some delicate world-political maneuvering by Persia. I'm looking for the reasons and the actions Persia took to get into (and out of) this position.
Hope someone can touch the core of the answer now.
Perhaps it hoped to play boths sides to its own end ? See which side would offer it the most in order for it to join. Both British and Russian forces used the "pretext" that german intelligence (anwher) were operating in / from "neutral" Persia.
... no that's not it either. And I don't have an idea on more hints without actually giving the answer away. You can keep trying to get the answer or I could post the answer and let someone else ask a next question.
Perhaps a hint: Persia looked at the current world situation and decided based upon that what side not to join. It also looked at the most likely world situation in a "short while" and based upon that what side not to join.
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