Ahh, your kingdom is a lake. Chieftess is an uber-goddess@civ, you don't have to be her, but you should work towards her suggestion of no AP/governors, but lets take it one step at a time:
General rule: mine all of the grassland and hills, irrigate everything else. Irrigating grasslands doesn't usually help you until AFTER hospitals. This is probably your biggest advantage over the AI, being able to cultivate your lands to maximize production. Wake up all of your workers, and start mining! Start with your core cities, and move outwards.
Governors...they do suck...but CAN be useful when you are learning. For now, tell them to maximize production and manage happiness, before you move up a level though, you really need to practice phasing them out of your games. This requires obtaining luxuries and learning how to use the luxury slider. Take a look at your cities now, you are starving DESPITE all that extra food you make, so you need to move the luxury slider up to 30%(tested in game). You can trade for luxuries, iron and coal. Check your F2 screen often to see what is availible for trade.
The Republic is hurting you financially due to unit cost. Time to upgrade to Democracy. Try to stay away from republic for a few games. I loathe to say this, but your current setup is perfect for the Feudalist government. LOL, but don't switch to that. Democracy or facism is the way to go for this game. Don't forget to build a few temples and cathedrals, seems you like building stock exchanges BEFORE them, this is a

the first buildings you make should be temples or barracks in most cities.
OUCH! Just got to take a quick look at your save...everyone else is in the modern age, and america has a death squad sitting inside your land. Bad times. You don't have nearly enough defence to protect yourself...and no real way to attack them either. My sugestion is to abandon this game, and chalk it up to experience. At this point your only possible win is the UN, and that is unlikely seeing as how everyone is annoyed with you. Or as a challange, you could try to just stay alive the rest of the game, and maybe attack rome for the wines.
I am not a big fan of cities so compact as yours, try spacing them out a little in the next game. I like the article about placing 'temp' cities that use up the unused space to just make military units until hospitals come around, but your setup is VERY tight, and a strategy best used by heavy warmongers.
I suggest before going any further to open up the War Academy, and read a few articles about city placement, happiness, workers, and defense.
I am kind of worn out after my finals...so I am going to leave it at that.