Well, you had hidden AI to AI modifiers where designated warmongerers would like each other way more than you even if you had more +modifiers and the infamous vassal averaging.
But yes, I would prefer Civ 4's way any day, and the simplistic penalties for "you declared war on us/friend" "you razed a city" , "you razed a holy city", and especially "you nuked a friend" to be far more the adequate that anyone being aggressive with the warmongering would be widely hated without the need of a deliberate addition
The other things is missing is the +/- for joining/refusing wars, civic changes, and sometimes religion. Though the problem is these systems have generally grown a bit more inflexible and passive but this is more true of religion (If you don't found the religion, you have very little control over it). It may be interesting to have some leaders aggressively shill certain specific policy cards though as opposed to making you adopt their government, and that makes sense to a degree too.
Currently the ways you have to impress other leaders are often too high of a cost for little or no benefit. In a
recent game, I tried liberating a city state to be nice, but it got drowned out by other nonsense and all my effort; including avoiding warmongering penalities and managing to fulfill secondary agendas was ultimately all for naught thanks to the AI hates you for winning modifier/different governments meaning it was ultimately a waste of time.
And it's also with a hidden bit of irony that Civ 4 is still better for the "don't like war" crowd due to the presence of aggressive culture pressure being able to take cities peacefully and diplomacy naturally is a bigger role in these cases.