Instead of "Nationality" each citizen could have a "Culture." Unhappy citizens have a chance of forming a new culture (one from a list), or joining one that already exists locally, other than the culture in political control. Also, cultural influence from other civs has a chance of changing a citizens culture, as would infiltration of citizenry (concealed nationality units that cost pop and come join your city rather than attacking, adding one new citizen of the infiltrating nationality). Culture specific buildings can influence culture (you would have to have a whole line of culture specific buildings, so that Chinese Temples influenced citizens to be Chinese, for example. When a majority of the citizens of a city have that culture, they have a chance to rebel, depending also on unhappiness, and the city may have a political revolution, each rebelling citizen becoming a unit of the draftable line and attacking the garrison. The success of a rebellion would have to have a large, one turn only, cultural influence on neighboring cities, perhaps causing them to flip also. To defend against culture flip, citizens coud be turned into "prisoner" specialists however (less productive laborers who always suffer from tile penalty) and then they don't count for revolution purposes.
There could also be lesser wonders perhaps that would allow you to absorb minority cultures. For a poor example, the New Age wonder could allow you to merge American culture with Buddhist culture, perhaps, so that all Buddhist citizens in American cities became Americans.
In reality, culture is multidimensional, consisting at a minimum of nationality and religion, so if you wanted to go into detail, you could have religious revolutions as well. Perhaps each citizen would have each, and players could play religions OR nationalities. This would work well with an "allied victory" victory condition like from a of e, where if any member of the alliance wins all members win. There would have to be some elegant way of limiting the number of such alliances a playing entity could enter, to prevent them from setting it up so they win no matter what (but why really?). I guess one way would be to require building of wonders to allow victory-alliances.
It would take some thought to do this tastefully, respecting our culturally closed societies while glorifying our culturally plural ones.
There could also be lesser wonders perhaps that would allow you to absorb minority cultures. For a poor example, the New Age wonder could allow you to merge American culture with Buddhist culture, perhaps, so that all Buddhist citizens in American cities became Americans.
In reality, culture is multidimensional, consisting at a minimum of nationality and religion, so if you wanted to go into detail, you could have religious revolutions as well. Perhaps each citizen would have each, and players could play religions OR nationalities. This would work well with an "allied victory" victory condition like from a of e, where if any member of the alliance wins all members win. There would have to be some elegant way of limiting the number of such alliances a playing entity could enter, to prevent them from setting it up so they win no matter what (but why really?). I guess one way would be to require building of wonders to allow victory-alliances.
It would take some thought to do this tastefully, respecting our culturally closed societies while glorifying our culturally plural ones.
It all ended in 1876 with a war between France and Austria. Austria wanted to subjugate the isle, and France wanted to prevent that at any cost. The French gave aid to Sardinia-Piedmont, and relinquishing control over Milan, Italy was unified, save Veneto, which remained in Austrian control until the partition of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
