Regarding militia:
At current, my suggestion is that it is always the last unit in a stack to defend, to prevent the exploit of being able to build a potentially powerful unit for practically nothing. But do you think this system would be better:
Penalising the player for losing the unit. If the unit is lost, the city will go into revolution for a set amount of time. This time will be one turn for every militia specialist you have working in the city, up to a maximum of two turns.
Having any harsher a penalty could make the unit a liability.
So what do you think is better? The latter system makes the unit a little more useful in an actual war, I feel.