Hey, Alien, here's the lowdown on the AC factions:
Cult of Planet
Leader: Prophet Cha Dawn
+2 Planet
-1 Economy
-1 Industry
Free Brood Pit at every base upon discovery of Centauri Genetics.
Mind Worms do double police duty.
Cha Dawn is an aggressive bloke, whose priorities are to explore and conquer. He starts out with Centauri Ecology, and Social Psych. He's a Greenie, and hates Wealth.
Cybernetic Consciousness (Cyborgs)
Leader: Aki Zeta-5
+2 Efficiency
-1 Growth
+2 Research
Immune to the negative effects of the Cybernetic social choice.
Can steal research when conquering a base.
The manual says that Aki is passive, but I know better! Believe me, she isn't. Her priorities are to Explore and Discover. She starts out with Applied Physics, and Information Networks. Her social choice is Cybernetic, and she hates Fundamentalist.
Data Angels
Leader: Datajack Sinder Roze
+2 Probe
-1 Police
Gains a free Cover Ops center at every base upon discovery of Pre-Sentient Algorithms.
Gains any technology known to three other infiltrated factions.
Roze is erratic--sometimes she's nice, sometimes she's nasty. Her priorities are to Discover and Build. Her social choice is Democratic, but she has an aversion to Power.
Free Drones
Leader: Foreman Domai
+2 Industry
-2 Research
Bases that revolt have a 75% chance of joining the Drones.
Bases generate 1 less discontented workers (drones).
Forman Domai is erratic--mostly, he's nasty. His priorities are to Build, and Conquer. he starts out with Industrial base. His social choice is Eudaimonic, but he hates Green.
Manifold Caretakers
Leader: Guardian Lular H'minee
+1 Planet
Free Recycling Tank in every base.
The Alien factions (Progenitors) have an Energy Grid in lieu of commerce--every two base facilities built adds +1 energy per turn at that base. Secret projects are worth 21/2 energy per base.
The Caretakers get a 25% bonus on defense.
Both nonhuman factions perform a Space survey prior to landing, which reveals all land masses.
They automatically get Non-blind research.
All of their units have the Deep Radar ability.
H'minee is aggressive, and her priorities are to Explore, Build, and Conquer. She starts out with Progenitor Psych, Field Modulation, and Centauri Ecology. Her social choice is Planned, but she has no aversions to other social or ecological choices.
The Caretakers will do all that they can to prevent a faction from winning by Transcendence. They win by building the Resonance Communicator, which will sommon warships from their home world. When these arrive, it's all over--for everyone! They are also locked in a battle to the death with the other nonhuman faction, the Usurpers.
Manifold Usurpers
Leader: Conquerer Judaa Maar
+1 Growth
+1 Morale
The Usurpers get a 25% bonus in offensive combat.
Judaa Maar is aggressive--a very nasty being! His priorities are to Conquer and Build. he starts with Progenitor Psych, Field Modulation, and Biogenetics. His social choice is Planned, but he is averse to the Democratic social choice.
The Usurpers can win either by Transcendence, or by building the Rhe Resonance Communicator.
Nautilus Pirates
Leader: Captain Ulrik Svensgaard
-1 Efficiency
-1 Growth
The Pirates can build enhancements in deep sea terrain upon the discovery of Advanced Ecological Engineering.
They get +1 minerals in ocean shelf squares.
They start out with prototypes for the sea colony pod, and the sea former.
Free Naval Yard in every base upon the discovery of Doctrine: Initiative.
Upon discovery of Adaptive Doctrine, all combat sea units have the Marine Detachment ability.
Ricky is erratic--towards the nasty side. His priorities are to Explore and Conquer. He starts out with Doctrine: Mobility, and Doctrine: Flexibility. His social choice is Power, but he has no aversions.
Well, that's the scoop on the new factions. There's a ton of other stuff about AC, but I think this will suffice for now. Most of this is based on my own observations. Hope this helps.