In almost any game, save perhaps a One City Challenge, it seems as though Pottery is the single most important technology to know since the Granaries it allows you to build are so vital in the population rush to build Workers and Settlers. After that, I would say that it's up to you. If you've got a UU coming up with Warrior Code, The Wheel, Bronze Working, Horseback Riding or Iron Working, then I suggest you make for that one after you get Pottery. Unless I'm a Scientific or Expansionist civilization that starts with Alphabet, I rarely try for the Philosophy gambit. I like trying for Iron Working right away, since I'm more more of a (Swordsman + Catapult) warmonger, rather than a (Horseman + Horsemen + More Horseman) kinda guy.
- Rep.