Modern Battleships

19Delta

Cavalry Scout
Joined
Nov 6, 2004
Messages
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Location
Ft. Hood, TX
This is more of a brain storm thread than a unit preview. Any units that I make that come of this will be found in the shipyard.

I've been thinking a lot recently about the modernized version of the Bismarck that Wyrmshadow previewed a few years ago. It has inspired me to think of other what-if ships. I have come up with my own idea of a modernized Bismarck and maybe a back story as well.

We all know that the Bismarck was sunk in WWII, but what if Admiral Lutjens had of decided to top off the Bismarck's tanks in the Norweigan Fjords along with Prinz Eugen? The Bismarck wouldn't have been forced to reduce speed when it's rear fuel tanks were contaminated with sea water and could very well have out run the British Home Fleet in pursuit.

After the fight with the Hood and the Prince of Whales, the Bismarck was hit and the her stern was low in the water due to the flooding of fuel tanks, but thanks to superb German engineering, the damage was kept to a minimum. Admiral Lutjens was glad that he decided to refuel with the Prinze Eugen. He knew that if he hadn't of refueled, then he would have had to reduce speed in order to make port for repairs. Now he had just enough fuel to travel at full speed and still make port. The British searched for days for any sign of the Bismarck. While contact was made for brief periods, it was quickly lost again. The Bismarck was too fast for the British battleships to keep up and was thus able to reach the the port in Brest, France to effect repairs. The British knew that the Bismarck was a threat to its lifeline from the United States as long as she was afloat. Hitler's orders were that the Bismarck would not be without sufficient air cover and gave the Luftwaffe explicit orders to protect the Bismarck at all costs until further notice. The Home Fleet was effectively at a stalemate with the Bismarck. The Bismarck could not get far enough outside of Axis waters to have a significant effect on Allied shipping, and the British, despite successful raids that put her in drydock for several months could not get close enough to sink her. The Bismarck took part in the Channel Dash in order to move her to safer waters. She was eventually located with her sister ship Tirpitz and the two conducted raids on the vital supply convoys that were destined for the Soviet Union. The combined might of the Bismarck and the Tirpitz was much more effective than if the Tirpitz were forced to go it alone. The Kriegsmarine adopted a strategy of sending one of the sisters out with the assumption that the British would send every warship it had in order to sink her. When the British took the bait, the other sister would sail from it's port and wreak havoc on the Allied shipping in the area. As a result, the Soviet war machine was deprived of vital supplies that would have otherwise have enabled it to speed up it's campaign against the German war machine. This superb naval strategy was not enough to save the Third Reich from defeat. As the Allies closed in on Berlin, the two sisters were unable to continue operations in the face of overwhelming Allied air and naval supremecy. The Bismarck and the Tirpitz were forced to retreat deep into the Norweigen Fjords and survived the end of the war. The fate of the two sisters were unclear as the Soviets demanded that they should take the two ships as their prizes because of the trouble they caused on Soviet bound convoys. The United States claimed that the two ships were theirs because the ships they sank belonged to the United States and the sailors that were lost were not Soviet citizens. Eventually an agreement was reached and the United States took possession of the Bismarck while the Soviet Union took possession of the Tirpitz. Both countries took the opportunity to inspect the construction of the two vessels and their weaponry. The Bismarck was re-united with once again with the Prinz Eugen. The two were tested and inspected extensively until it was decided that the two were to be used in Operation Crossroads. The Soviet Union after conducting its own tests and inspections decided to complete the four battleships of the Sovietsky Soyuz class that it had began during the war. The now USS Bismarck and the USS Prinze Eugen survived the two blasts and were towed to Kwajelein. The two ships were too radioactive to have leaks repaired, but were somehow able to remain afloat until they could be cleaned and repaired. The ships were placed in mothballs for two years until their fates were decided. During this time the four battleships of the Sovietsky Soyuz were launched and were drawing the attention of NATO. The decision was made, at the insistence of the West German government and due in part to the Soviet Union's decision to return the Tirpitz to East Germany, to return the Bismarck and Prinz Eugen to West Germany. The two ships sat in dry dock for another two years before the West German government undertook efforts to refurbish and modernize the two ships for service in the Cold War. The East Germans naturally followed suit.

This is the back story for the Bismarck, Tirpitz, and the Prinz Eugen. So far, I've only come up with ideas for the Bismarck.

I think the Germans would have updated the armament on Bismarck first. The radar, gun directors, and controls would have naturally have been updated and systems replaced, but the real task would have been updating the main guns. My idea was that the Germans would replace the turrets themselves with something more modern and able to match up to the new Soviet battleships and Bismarck's estranged sister ship that she would most likely have met in battle. US weapons designs would have found a place on Bismarck, but the Germans, having a fascination with large powerful guns would've have probably opted for a more domestic design. I decided that the eight 15 inch guns in four dual turrets would be replaced with 12 guns of 16 to 18 inch design in four triple turrets. Existing AA guns would be replaced with 40mm bofors and even more added as a result of lessons learned during the Pacific War. As time progresses, the secondary armament and AA weaponry would be updated with weapons like Tomahawk cruise missiles in place of the secondary armament and anti-air missiles and the Phalanx and CWIS system in place of the bofors. The Germans would add additional armor to cope with the guns of the Soviet Navy and she would have been updated with a nuclear reactor to maintain her status as a fast battleship.

Comments and other ideas are welcome as I am not very knowledgeable about the various naval weaponry that could be found on warships, so I could use a little help from any of those naval warfare gurus out there.

I haven't put much though into the Prinz Eugen, but I'm thinking the end result would be a ship that has missile armaments as it's main weaponry much like the USS Long Beach.

I'm thinking that the Tirpitz would end up modernized like the Bismarck but with weapons more aspired to Soviet designs as the Soviet Union would obviously have a hand in what the East German government does.

Any thoughts, suggestions, and otherwise are welcome.
 
The idea is nice, but I would be really unlikely to keep the BBs after a German defeat. BBs were outdated and expensive to maintain, and to rebuild a ship that has been exposed to a nuke blast would be a hell of a task, I think.

But let us stay in fiction. I guess the best task for a rebuilt Bismarck would be a BBG in a carrier group, with several SAM starters to shield the group from enemy air attacks. Second task would be to deliver massive naval fire support for amphibious landings. With two helicopters at least, it would also be a nice ASW platform.

The Tirpitz would probably be transformed in a ship bristling with anti-ship missiles (maybe with a similar outfit like the Slava class), designed to wreak havoc on NATO carrier groups, and would be joined by several CGs and DDGs to form a fast hunter group.

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I think the Germans would have updated the armament on Bismarck first. The radar, gun directors, and controls would have naturally have been updated and systems replaced, but the real task would have been updating the main guns. My idea was that the Germans would replace the turrets themselves with something more modern and able to match up to the new Soviet battleships and Bismarck's estranged sister ship that she would most likely have met in battle. US weapons designs would have found a place on Bismarck, but the Germans, having a fascination with large powerful guns would've have probably opted for a more domestic design. I decided that the eight 15 inch guns in four dual turrets would be replaced with 12 guns of 16 to 18 inch design in four triple turrets. Existing AA guns would be replaced with 40mm bofors and even more added as a result of lessons learned during the Pacific War. As time progresses, the secondary armament and AA weaponry would be updated with weapons like Tomahawk cruise missiles in place of the secondary armament and anti-air missiles and the Phalanx and CWIS system in place of the bofors. The Germans would add additional armor to cope with the guns of the Soviet Navy and she would have been updated with a nuclear reactor to maintain her status as a fast battleship.

Comments and other ideas are welcome as I am not very knowledgeable about the various naval weaponry that could be found on warships, so I could use a little help from any of those naval warfare gurus out there.

I haven't put much though into the Prinz Eugen, but I'm thinking the end result would be a ship that has missile armaments as it's main weaponry much like the USS Long Beach.

I'm thinking that the Tirpitz would end up modernized like the Bismarck but with weapons more aspired to Soviet designs as the Soviet Union would obviously have a hand in what the East German government does.

Any thoughts, suggestions, and otherwise are welcome.

You might want to take a look at Norman Friedman's Modern Battleship Design and Development to get a clearer understanding of why you could not replace eight 15 inch guns with more guns of a larger caliber, as the exact reverse is the case. Both the UK King George the Fifth class and the US North Carolina class were designed for twelve 14 inch guns, the KGV was completed with ten 14 inch to allow for increases in armor thickness, while the North Carolina was completed with nine 16 inch. The British Lion class ships were basically the KGV design modified to carry nine 16 inch guns. Upgunning of the Bismarck and Tirpitz would not have been possible because of the limitations imposed by the diameter of the barbette armor. One triple 18 inch turret of the Yamato weighed considerably more than 2 twin 15 inch turrets of the Bismarck/Tirpitz. Axis Battleships by Duilin and Garske would also be helpful. Do not even think about adding more armor or converting them to nuclear power.

Considering the efforts the British put into neutralizing the Tirpitz, if somehow the Bismarck had survived her Atlantic sortie, she would have been sunk prior to the end of the war, probably in the same way that the Tirpitz was, with 6 ton bombs. With respect to the Operation Crossroads tests, the Prinz Eugen is still radioactive, from induced radioactivity from neutron bombardment, and there is no possibility of clean up. Since she is still sitting on a reef, one of the major concerns is the chance of the natives in the area cutting scrap steel off of the wreck, and putting it into the world scrap market.

With respect to upgrading the poor anti-aircraft armament of the Bismarck and Tirpitz, you could probably replace the twin 15cm mounts with twin 5"/38 mounts on a one for one basis, and strip out the twin 10.5cm mounts and replace them on a three for two basis with 3"/50 twin mounts, although ammunition supply might be a problem and make for a one for one replacement. That would give them about the same AA capability as a Baltimore-class heavy cruiser, and no where near the capability of an Iowa-class ship. Giving them the necessary radar suite to handle the secondary guns would require a total superstructure rebuild. You would also need to about double the electrical generating capacity of the ships, which given the ship layout would be somewhere between extremely difficult to impossible to do, as both ships were designed and built prior to the massive increase in WW2 of electronics.

Put real simply, it would be a lot easier simply to build two new ships, rather than trying to convert either Bismarck or Tirpitz.

As for Prinz Eugen as a guided missile cruiser, do not think Long Beach which was built as a nuclear-powered guided missile ship, think the early Baltimore-class conversions to guided missile cruisers, like the Canberra. Even then, electrical generating capability will be a major problem. Likewise, you would probably need to totally replace Eugen's power plant, as it was of questionable reliability, and maintaining a one-off plant like that is going to be very expensive. You must never forget real world operating costs.
 
I will post some modern bb model photos later tonight.
 
Thanks for the comments. I do agree that it is quite a far stretch for a modernized Bismarck, Tirpitz, and Prinz Eugen, but keep in mind, this is purely fiction.

The story of how the ships survive the war doesn't really matter much. I like the idea of up-gunning the Bismarck with 16 inch guns. It is a good point that the ship would have to be modified to allow for larger and heavier turrets, but I do believe that it could be done. I don't see how it could be that much of a problem to improve AA capabilities with more guns. The number of defenses would decrease as new and better technology was made available, but in keep in mind that propellor driven aircraft was still in wide spread use throughout much of the 50s and warships still used guns because missile technology was still in its beginning stages. I don't think that it would be impossible to convert a conventional ship to nuclear power, but we'll just scratch that particular detail and the ship will remain driven by conventional power with the power plants updating with new technology as it becomes available. There are procedures to clean a radioactive vehicle, and I'm sure that the Germans cleaned the Prinze Eugen's propellor that is sitting at the naval memorial in Germany before they placed it there considering that people will be coming through and looking at it.

I know that the British went to great lengths to sink the Tirpitz, but would they have really paid as much attention to the two ships if they were caught up in fighting in France and Germany and the two ships were in a place where they couldn't make an impact on the war? The Germans weren't known for their Kamikaze tactics so it is unlikely that the two ships would've made a suicide last stand on Normandy like the Yamato tried to do on Okinawa.

I think, that if better tactics had been used during the war, the battleship would have still found use after WW2 ended. My idea for battleships taking a role in the Cold War centers around the Soviet Union completing the four battleships of the Sovietsky Soyuz class. The Americans and the British considered the battleship obsolete before WW2 started because they were realizing the importance that air power would play in the next war, but because their main opponents, the Japanese and the Germans, decided to keep and maintain battleships, the Allies had little choice but to follow suit. Battleships were known for their toughness, and the Bismarck was no exception. While it is true that the Bismarck didn't recieve the pounding that the Yamato recieved, the Bismarck was hit with multiple torpedoes and shells and she could have still possibly remained afloat for another day had the Germans not scuttled the ship. Missiles have become the predominant surface naval weapon because of their extremely long range, but any US Navy ship that isn't a carrier will have a gun located on it. Missiles are a great weapon, but they have drawbacks. They can be intercepted and shot down (with systems like the Phalanx CIWS) more easily than a shell can, and their guidance systems can be vulnerable to countermeasures which a shell is immune to. It is true that they are expensive to keep and maintain, but the US Navy still considered them usefull until the end of the Cold War. They can also have a significant psychological impact. The mere presence of the USS New Jersey in Beruit was enough to stop the fighting there for a short period. If you've ever been in an arms race with another civilization in Civ 3, then you have probably had the feeling of impending doom when you encountered their first battleship, especially if you haven't researched the technology or you just haven't built one.
 
I never got around to finishing it

Lots of images
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MOAR

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little MOAR

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The issue with modern battleships is that there is only one small window to take them, realistically, that being the early 50s.

After then, they served no operational purpose, given that armour was obsolete, and a 7500 ton DLG could fire a nuclear Terrier quite some distance, with far more damage than a mere gun.

To incorporate them, you would need an exceptionally favourable POD and scenario that does not feature advanced subs, nuclear weapons, or advances in aerial armament (the latter is what kills the last vestige of a battleship armament - when one has carrier aircraft capable of attacking in all weather conditions at range, the battleships and indeed gunships become the epitome of superfluous.)

The response to Soviet battleships would be more carriers kept in service for the USN and RN as strike carriers - remember, the answer to the Sverdlov was not a cruiser, was not Vanguard and was not the cruiser-destroyer - it was the Bucc.

The record of battleships in their two periods of reactivation has been much overstated. Their main utility was as means of getting large amounts of TLAMs to sea, and some reactivation proposals including leaving the guns dormant.

As can be surmised from a reading of USN studies from the 60s and 70s, the battleship was not viewed as either necessary nor inviolable; the 12" and 8" Amphibious Fire Support Ship studies testify to that.

A battleship of WW2 design brings nothing to general war and little to limited war.

There would be no circumstances outside of fantasy where the victorious USN would take on and use German ships based on very different and flawed designs. Not with a surplus of Baltimore and Des Moines, not to mention Alaskas and Iowas. Makes no sense, costs a lot more to convert, and cannot be realistically argued. Certainly no need to augment an already overly sufficient battleline with different ships. To be blunt, there is nothing outside of German fanboyism that would see the USN put those ships into service - the same would apply for Russian, Japanese, Italian and British ships, by the by.

The most they can look forward to is the fate of Nagato.

Even if we delve into fantasy, there is no way nor reason a German navy could operate or support them, let alone an allied navy.

A flawed premise.

To make any part of it come true, you've got to not only change a lot of WW2 and tech involved, but go back further to pre-WW1 and change things there.

The Chief of Naval Construction for the RN, Goodall, was opposed to any further BB construction from 1940 in @, due to sheer obsolescence.

In an AH scenario, it has to verge on a different world to allow such developments.

To add to a final analysis of the matter, the ships can't be regunned, there is no realistic basis to add missiles for defence or offence, and conversion to nuclear power is simply out of the question - there has not ever been a major warships converted to nuclear power. As a BBG and CAG, both ships are extremely deficient and non compatible to US ships, which even in those cases were a stop gap.

Not possible.
 
I think that some of us here has either neglected to read the top of my first post, or has read it and ignored it. Let me reiterate, this is purely fictional. I have always been a fan of big guns and battleships are no exception.

While I do appreciate German engineering and the Germans do have a habit of excellence when it comes to making weapons, I don't have a case of German "fanboyism." I have always liked the design of the Bismarck and Tirpitz. I don't see how it would be impossible to modernize ships like this. If the Japanese can replace the power plants in their battleships with more modern updates, then why can't a conventional powered ship be upgraded to nuclear power? If we can put a man on the moon, then why would this be impossible?

After all arguments for or against the use of the battleship is over, one fact still remains, this is a what-if scenario, and more importantly, this is MY what-if scenario. If I want to make a Bismarck sprout legs,tap dance, quack like a duck, and recite the pledge of alliegance, then that is my perogative. I did say that I would accept criticism earlier, but maybe I chose the wrong word. I'm not trying to put anyone on blast, but I'm not interested in the reality of this scenario. Hell, the Japanese took a sunken Yamato and made a star cruiser that could take on entire fleets of ships and win. Why can't I enjoy an escape from reality occasionally?

As far as the gun vs. the missile goes, I present this very simple argument. Bullets fly faster than missiles, are less expensive than missiles, and don't require expensive fuel to reach their targets. I have spent most of my eight years in the Army around Bradley Fighting Vehicles. I am very well aware of their capabilities and their weaknesses. The Bradley has a 25mm main gun that is sufficient at handling most soft skin and light armor threats, but when it comes to a tank, that opponents also claim is obsolete, the Bradley needs something more powerful. This is where the TOW2B comes into play. This weapon is capable of destroying any armored threat on the battlefield including the most modern main battletanks, but I still won't engage a tank in my Bradley unless I can get the drop on him and only if he is by his self. Let's take a hypothetical scenario, say a Bradley against an M1 Abrams MBT. The Abrams has 120mm main gun, a 7.62mm coaxial machine gun, an additional 7.62mm machine gun for the loader, a .50 machine gun for the commander, and with the TUSK kit, an additional .50 machine gun above the main gun. The Bradley has a the aforementioned 25mm chain gun, TOW missile launcher and a 7.62mm coaxial machine gun. Let's also put an expert crew in each one of these vehicles. Now let's look at protection for these two vehicles. The Bradley has around 3 to 4 inches of aluminum armor with the option to add ERA bricks to the front and sides. The M1 has armor based on the chobham design surrounded by tungsten steel and depleted uranium. It is more than a foot thick in some places, and the M1 TUSK package also includes ERA bricks on the sides of the tank. The Bradley's guns would have little effect, so it would be forced to rely on the TOW2B to defeat this armored threat. Unless the Bradley was able to ambush the M1, it would lose the fight. Let's say the two face off in a duel. The Bradley shoots off it's TOW2B and at the same time the M1 fires its main gun. The 120mm round from the M1 would reach the Bradley before the TOW2B reached the M1 and since the TOW is a wire guided missile, the destruction of the launch platform would mean the TOW would bury itself harmlessly into the dirt causing no damage to the M1. Now let's say that the Bradley gets its shot off before the M1. We are dealing with two expert crews, so they are likely to be very experienced on their respective vehicles. I have seen crews that are good enough that they can use the .50 machine gun on the commander's hatch to shoot down competing Bradley crew's TOW missiles after they were fired on the range. This really pissed the Bradley crew off by the way. The point I'm trying to make is that the TOW2B as advanced and lethal as it is, is still no substitute for a gun, and recently there have been many advances in field artillery. US Army artillery crews have a round for the Paladin that is laser guided. They call it the copper head. It was tested at a range in Iraq on and Iraqi tank. It was fired from the opposite direction of the target, but the round corrected its flight and struck the target with pinpoint accuracy and completely destroyed it. Anti missile technology has come quite a long way in recent years. There are even systems in experimental phases that can be attached to tanks and armored vehicles that can shoot down incoming warheads like the TOW missile, RPGs, and other anti-tank guided missiles. Anti-missile technology on ships is already past its experimental phases and has been for many years, and with the advent of rolling airframe missiles, CIWS, and the Phalanx, a battleship could be very survivable on a modern battlefield.
 
I think this is what you were looking for.

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That is sexy right there, and I think that is exactly the idea that I had in mind for the Tirpitz.

Oh, I apologize if my last post seemed to have a little anger in it. That wasn't what I was going for and I wasn't trying to offend anyone, but I think that some people miss the idea of constructive criticism. I think that if someone has a problem with someone's project, it is their right to voice their opinion, but I'm not a fan of "Hey this idea is stupid criticism." If there is a problem, then let me know but I would also expect some kind of possible solution to the problem from said critic. That being said, I want to thank you Wyrmshadow. You have been the most helpful of anyone else on this forum. I've got a couple of things in the works right now, but once I'm done with them, then I'm going to start on a model and see where this project takes itself. I would invite anyone who is interested to join me. These won't be the only ships that I modernize. I'm also looking at the Sovietsky Soyuz class, the North Carolina, and a few others, but I'll get to them later on.
 
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