Great angry citizen: Angry citizens give +1 great person rate each. Great angry citizens start period of anarchy or revolution, or maybe rivals could use them for sabotage or something like that.
If a great doctor specialist were in the game, who would be included? The only people I can think of are Gallen and Ben Carson.
^Okay, so that's three. I just remembered Florence Nightingale, so that's four. The point is, unless they totally genericise great people (which I would not totally oppose), there wouldn't be enough people worthy of the title.
I'd like there to be a "scholar" specialist and a "great scholar" great person in the game to replace scientists early on. It just doesn't make much sense to be running "scientist" specialists around 1000 B.C.
Scholars would provide +2 culture and +2 research (and +3 great scholar points). Great scholars would provide +5 culture and +5 research.
Aside from settling, bulbing, and golden ages, great scholars could also construct a Museum building in any of your cities, which would give +2 culture, +25% culture, and +25% science.
After researching Mass Media, great scholars could also be used to "Conduct a lecture circuit," which would be like a mix between a great merchant's trade mission and a great artist's culture bomb. It would provide a one-time boost of culture in a city (1/2 of a great artist's great work, so 2000 culture on normal) as well as a one-time boost of gold (like with a great merchant, but a little less). You could either bomb the great scholar at one of your own border cities, one of your cultural victory cities, or you could bomb him/her in a foreign city. Not only would you earn more money in a large, far away foreign city, as with great merchants, but that foreign city would be bombed with your culture as well (which may not make much of a difference, depending on how established that city is). (I don't know if you can currently do this with great artists. I've never tried bombing them in a city that wasn't my own). The gold would be enhanced based on the research output of the city being bombed, in addition to the size and distance. One strategy might be to try and bomb a weak foreign border city. Although you wouldn't get much gold from it, you could probably flip it (although by the time mass media comes around, most cities are going to have a fair amount of accumulated culture anyways).
Great scholar slots would be opened up by libraries (2) and universities (1), as well as caste system. The Great Library should also be changed to provide 2 free scholars. For scientists, instead, universities should open up 1 scientist slot, observatories should open up 2 scientist slots, and laboratories should open up 2 scientist slots as well. As mentioned before, caste system should open up free scholar slots, not scientist slots. Academies should open up 2 scientist slots, and museums should open up 1 scholar slot and 1 scientist slot. Researching scientific method should also open up 1 scientist slot in all cities, as well as giving like +1 science output to all science buildings (libraries, universities, academies, museums, observatories, and laboratories), in order to compensate for the loss of monasteries and the Great Library and such.
Names for great scholars might include Herodotus, Thucydides, Xenophon, Avicenna, Hegel, Descartes, Immanuel Kant, Diderot, Adam Smith, Karl Marx, Gibbon, etc. Basically, famous secular historians and philosophers (as distinguished from religious ones, who belong in the Great Prophet category).
Meh... most of the scientists are either medics or scholars, so the names list would be a pain