6) agriculture is also pretty powerful on its own compared to education. agriculture means fast workers, fast growth, fast settlers, needed for any for SE, which has multiple early routes like festivals, mysticism, writing. and agriculture is much much better than Ancient Chants atm. right now explo civs get the worst deal, crafting is a bad startup tech too
You have to consider the beginning of the game, where you have 1, 2, max 3 citis, not in general, since by then you will have both techs and comparing which is better to start with wouldn't be relevant anymore.
Early Education means:
1- Apprenticeship, +2 xp on new units.
2- City States, good for early expansion
3- Cottages, good for an early GREAT research boost, which incidentally will also help you research Agriculture very fast. For cottages you only need a tile without a forest.
4- Allows popping Writing and Code of Laws, if I'm not wrong. Both superb for expansion, and more research.
Early Agriculture means:
1- Farms, provided you have fresh water or a proper resource, and no forests in those tiles. Farms allow fast settlers, but fast settlers aren't very useful in FFH2, since before being able to improve land to a point where colonizing is actually profitable and not just a money sink due to maintenance costs of Despotism, it will take quite some time.
2- Agriculture civic, which provides a bonus on grassland tiles for Settlers training. No bonus on plains tiles however.
3- It doesn't help specialists at all, since you don't have the buildings needed to allow specialists.
4- Allows popping of Calendar, good for research if your bonus resources aren't under a forest (or if you're alfar), and Animal Husbandry. Good for capturing animals and improving cows/pigs but could be crippling to the economy.
Early Ancient Chants means:
1- Allows grabbing resources in the fat cross of the second city.
2- Allows popping Mysticism.
Overall it seems that Education is much better, especially since having Education means reaching a situation with both these techs earlier than if you started with Agriculture.