The Heroes debate in historical gaming (i.e., between Humankind and Civ) is somewhat a product of the Great Man Theory of history and historiography.
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, History was all about the actions of Great Men: Alexander, Caesar, Charlemagne, Newton, Temuchin, Watt, Brunel, Lincoln - they made history Happen.
Then, partly as a result of the 20th century Catastrophes brought about by 'Great' Men like Hitler, Stalin, Mussolini and Lesser Great Men, the academic trend went to what was sometimes called Marxian History: Great Social, Civic, Military, etc Movements caused history, and individuals were just along for the ride. Alexander was Great because he happened along at the right time in the right place to 'ride' a historical movement, not because he 'caused' anything himself.
Now, we're sort of in between the two. The direct actions of individuals cannot be ignored completely, and there is hot debate on what the 'balance' is between Mass Movements and Individuals.
Civ straddled this, by having Civics and Social Policies and Technologies that change things in the game by various degrees, but also having named historical (and, in the Civ VI governors, Unhistorical) Individuals as Leaders and Great People.
Humankind, consciously or unconsciously, appears so far to be tipped toward the Impersonal Side, the Mass Civic, Social, Cultural, technological history leaving out the named individual completely.
As a historian, I'll play either one and both. I personally think that the 'Perfect 4X Historical Game' would have to find a way to balance both: that individuals make a difference, but I think the kind and amount of difference they make is very much dependent on the civil, cultural, social, technological conditions they inhabit. In other words, in "the perfect game", Alexander the Great of Macedon in 1000 BCE or 1000 CE or in 2020 CE will not necessarily have the same effect he had in 330 BCE, nor would he have the same effect in 330 BCE in a different Macedonia - say, one without a professional army and the income from the silver mines that made that army possible. BUT it is nearly impossible to imagine that a personality as forceful and full of talent as Alexander would have had no effect at all.