I have noticed a tendency in my games that allows me to predict where resources such as coal and uranium will appear. It's not a certain system, and I can't say "coal will appear in THIS square." I haven't tracked any hard data, because I'm not willing to make any sort of effort to keep track of individual squares of terrain...
OK, what I have noticed is this: Discovered resources such as coal and uranium tend to appear on those grasslands with shield squares. Now, in the case of coal, this would be jungles with shields, obviously, but I usually have them cleared before discovery of coal.
So what I do is attempt to grab as much jungle and grassland with shields as possible, and to make sure those squares all all roaded before the pertinent discoveries. In my last few games, I have not lacked for a resource other than iron (because it always freakin disappears on me). Let me tell you, you can get some great deals out of the AI when you have 4 surplus coal to trade.
This may seem like a very basic tip, not even needing to be mentioned, but since I started doing this, my resource woes have been almost nonexistant.
OK, what I have noticed is this: Discovered resources such as coal and uranium tend to appear on those grasslands with shield squares. Now, in the case of coal, this would be jungles with shields, obviously, but I usually have them cleared before discovery of coal.
So what I do is attempt to grab as much jungle and grassland with shields as possible, and to make sure those squares all all roaded before the pertinent discoveries. In my last few games, I have not lacked for a resource other than iron (because it always freakin disappears on me). Let me tell you, you can get some great deals out of the AI when you have 4 surplus coal to trade.

This may seem like a very basic tip, not even needing to be mentioned, but since I started doing this, my resource woes have been almost nonexistant.