Here's what I've started doing to minimise pollution (which is a PITA) in recent games.
Cities only start producing "population" pollution (as opposed to "improvements/production" pollution from shields/factories/airports) when they go above pop 12.
So in the Industrial era, I completely miss out Sanitation (an optional tech). Result is my cities can't grow above 12, as I can't build Hospitals. I fine-tune all my size-12 cities for production and give them as many scientists as I can, rather than having them throw away extra food.
Then in the Modern era, I go for Ecology first of all, and already have the big size-12 cities I want to grow working on a Mass Transit System prebuild. (Many of them will already have Factories by this stage, making MTS less time-consuming to build). Ecology pops out of the think-tank, and I have Mass Transit Systems a few turns later. Only then do I go back, research Sanitation (or buy it, it's cheap by this stage) and build Hospitals. So metros never get a chance to produce pop-pollution - they get the MTS before they grow above 12.
Result is hardly any population pollution - I only have to deal with the minimal pollution from Factories, which is generally just two "poison-symbols" at this stage.
The only disadvantage I can see is that I miss out on Battlefield Medicine, for which you need 5 Hospitals. The disadvantage of not growing my cities into metros is minimal - with fine-tuning and scientists, I'm not wasting too much food. And at that stage of the game, when I'm usually in a warlike government, corruption means that the extra shields from growing 12-14 or 12-15 would be negligible.
What do you think?
Cities only start producing "population" pollution (as opposed to "improvements/production" pollution from shields/factories/airports) when they go above pop 12.
So in the Industrial era, I completely miss out Sanitation (an optional tech). Result is my cities can't grow above 12, as I can't build Hospitals. I fine-tune all my size-12 cities for production and give them as many scientists as I can, rather than having them throw away extra food.
Then in the Modern era, I go for Ecology first of all, and already have the big size-12 cities I want to grow working on a Mass Transit System prebuild. (Many of them will already have Factories by this stage, making MTS less time-consuming to build). Ecology pops out of the think-tank, and I have Mass Transit Systems a few turns later. Only then do I go back, research Sanitation (or buy it, it's cheap by this stage) and build Hospitals. So metros never get a chance to produce pop-pollution - they get the MTS before they grow above 12.
Result is hardly any population pollution - I only have to deal with the minimal pollution from Factories, which is generally just two "poison-symbols" at this stage.
The only disadvantage I can see is that I miss out on Battlefield Medicine, for which you need 5 Hospitals. The disadvantage of not growing my cities into metros is minimal - with fine-tuning and scientists, I'm not wasting too much food. And at that stage of the game, when I'm usually in a warlike government, corruption means that the extra shields from growing 12-14 or 12-15 would be negligible.
What do you think?