Nice discussion. I've always found Bombers to be an incredibly powerful unit and am very happy for the addition of Flak and Mobile SAM to the inventory. IMHO they compensate for the lethal bombardment, though the AI doesn't build nearly enough of them. It doesn't take too many turns for a city with 2 AA to reduce my bomber fleet - in fact, if I find a city has AA, I don't bomb it - I send in conventional troops (or better yet, air drop units to take out resources). Also, I guess I disagree that the 'bomber' unit in Civ is modelled after carbet bombing - I see it as more general - like most Civ units. In the WWII scenario you get a seperate unit for marauders, but not vanilla, so 'bomber' equals fighter bombers / dive bombers / carbet bombers - the whole class.
Maybe others play a different style than I, but I never go for domination, I usually struggle for a science, diplo or points victory. If a game gets so lopsided that I'm looking like the clear winner, I don't finish - boring. If I have a real, valid nemesis that I think can give me pause, then I'll stick around and fight. I don't pick on the little guys except to get their resources or to force them to peace - in fact, I give them free techs all the time so they don't get waxed by my enemies. I used to just build giant stacks of artillery or bombers and just obliterate my foes, but that just doesn't do it for me anymore, I prefer a more tactical style than brute force. Balance is one of the goals of my games and I play to try and keep it. (a jungle starting location can happen to anyone).
However, I like the following suggestions that have been brought up and repeated over and over (of course, much of this is probably modable, but vanilla is mostly so well balanced that once you start tweaking, you're involved in a perpetual balancing act).
1.) As soon as a civ discovers Flight, all other nations can build FLAK.
2.) no more lethal bombardements of any land units in shelters: cities with civil defense or fortresses
3.) do not let bombers deploy to cities without airports (helicopters ok)
As far as those who have sent in stacks of doom only to have them obliterated by AI bombers - why no AA?!?