Carthage?

Are you glad that Carthage is not included on Civ IV?

  • YES....we don't need them

    Votes: 22 23.4%
  • NO.....they should have been included

    Votes: 72 76.6%

  • Total voters
    94
  • Poll closed .
Xen said:
1)at the outset of the first Punic war, it was Carthage that was the larger power; indeed, the outset was the same at the second Punic war, and Carthage went into that particuler war with an army better honed then the Romans would feild until After Scipio Africanus' camapigns in Spain

I would disagree. After the First Punic War, Carthage did surprise the Romans by quickly paying off the compensation that the Romans asked for in return for waging war against them, not to uncommon a practice between major nations, due to their extensive mines in Hispania (Spain). But Carthage wasn't the larger power, but was the wealthier. Hiring a large amount of mercenaries doesn't count as a large power base.

BlueStar said:
Oh yeah-I voted for Carthage-Hanibal is the greatest general of all time.1

As for Hannibal, the only reason he was able to wreck havok in Northern Italy was because he moved faster than the Romans anticipated, and they probably didn't expect him to cross the Alpes. They sent a majority of their legions to Provincia and Hispania to counter him by boat, but he instead marched all the way. So while it took time for the Romans' to regroup and figure out that Hannibal was attacking in the north, Hannibal had found that he could use the Gauls in his armies to replace the countless men he lost in the Alpes, because they hated the Romans as much as he did. When the Romans finally regrouped in Italy and tracked him down, he did put up a good fight, but that ended most of it. Guerilla tactics isn't the most brilliant approach to waging a war, mainly because there are no territorial rewards to this style of fighting.
 
When defending your lands, it can be well employed to cause damage to enemy troops, but if you take a look at current events in Iraq, where urban guerrilla warfare is taking place, you have these guerrilla strongholds being displaced every few months with controlled territories changing all the times, slipping into weak spots of the occupiers defense lines.

All this does is cause fear and unhappiness in the residents of the land. There is no territorial gain from such types of warfare. You might be able to steal wealth and take it with you, but Hannibal was completely out of contact with Carthage. The Gauls prospered from these raids, but Hannibal had no chance in doing Rome any real harm. Just a giant nuissance that led the Romans to completely obliterating Carthage so that they wouldn't be able to begin a Third Punic War an additional 10 years later.
 
BlueStar said:
Afluke because it got off the ground? I dont need any other examples{altho I'll look} My point is Spartacus led a revolt of gladiators and slaves-quite an army of them-which indicates they didn't feel they're life was so ducky-it is real evidence that counters your argument and all you can counter is that it"s a fluke?
Indeed, fluke; if the conditions were as bad as you argue, one woudl think these would have happed on a fairlly reguler basis, wouldnt you? instead, I know fo a gradn total of two slave revolts, and both started in Southern Italy; what dopse this infer? It infers that A)the known Roman though that you should treat your slaves (but didnt have to) with some degree of kindness wasnt very well practiced in souther Italy, but otherwise seems to have been the common mode of thought in the empire, so explaining the curious lack of slave revolts, which agian, if conditions where as bad as those that lead to the spartican and sicillian revolts, should have had rebellion brewing on a constant basis through out the thousand years of the Roman state...yet didnt....

as a side note, your three examples should be the three servile wars; lsave reolts, three of them did occure in the late Republic; and Spartacus lead the las tof these (my question was more pointed to see where you actually stand on Roman historia then examples of slave revolts, though if you care to look, you'll thier arnt many -if any- others)

How about three examples of happy slaves-from any slave culture?

-well, one looks at the egyptians, who kept a really unknown amount fo slaves; soem evidence points to few; other evidence points to hordes (its not my specialty subject, so I'm no entitled to say for certain, really), but the common opiinion is that Egypt, in a vein similer to Rome, was a society in which treating slaves badlly to the point of rebellion was the exception, and not the norm

-Rome during the Imperial era is the most prudent example to include, as that is my "particuler" subject. Agian the societal norm was that those lower (such as a slave, servant, children) should be obediant to those above them, but but that those above them who were to be obeyed should act with moderation, and humanity to those below them, and it was during this period that slaves actually gained soem significant rights

-while not nations in and of themselves, a suitible example of what the societal norsm in the west during the Roman empire can be found in the philosiphy of Stocism, and in the religion fo christianity, both of wich preached what was the societal norm in Rome; obey masters, but master treat with kindness
-
 
I'd have to add that deep continental African culture during the 17th century would be a great example of happy slaves. They were entitled to the same food, clothing and housing as their masters and their masters worked just as hard as them. They just weren't allowed to eat with the free born.
 
I can't believe you guys are arguing that slavery is beneficial to a civilization and that slaves are often happier and better off, rather than being free men :confused:

If slavery is so humane, why is it non-existant in the modern world? Slavery is imoral because it reduces a human soul to mere property. Property that can be, damaged, sodimised, desposed of, or sold at the leisure of it's owner. This privilage extends to offspring of the property, which means that slaves had (or would have) about as much rights as dogs do today. In this country you may:

Kill your dog whenever you want in the privacy of your own back yard: YES :goodjob:
Sodimise your dog in the privacy of your own home: (in some states where beastality is allowed) YES :goodjob:
Sell your dogs ofspring, therefore breaking up the happy dog family: YES :goodjob:
Breed your dog to other dogs for profit: :goodjob:
Violently torture or starve your dog to death: NO :nono:

You will get busted for being overly and violently cruel or neglectful, without reason however, that's about it.

AND THE FINAL BIG QUESTION!!
If you believe slavery is no big deal.......close your eyes, imagine yourself on the auction block in Rome. Who will buy you and for what purpose? Better hope he is not homosexual, or perhaps a man of science looking to conduct secret experiments. You may have had a family with children, but that opertunity is a now a slim possibility for you. If you are standing next to them, beter freeze that immage, because it will likely be the last time you are all together. You were a warrior in another land, and will probably fight and resist your new master, but ultimately you have to choose between being a slave or killing yourself. murdering a free man or escaping is the same as suicide. You would be put down as quickly as a rabid dog.
 
1. No one is arguing that slavery is a preferable state to freedom (although one could definitely argue about beneficial to a civilization as it provides something for the poor to do besides starve to death..and greatly depends on exactly how slavery is constructed)

2. You use the example of slaves having the same state as dogs, and this unfortunately undermines your arguement, because the majority of dogs are well taken care of, they are thought of as part of the family. The right to mistreat the dogs may be there but that right is not always used. (and different areas differ in how much you actually can do to a dog, ie as you pointed out dogs have some rights, and those may be better or worse as the case may be)
 
Shynji said:
As for Hannibal, the only reason he was able to wreck havok in Northern Italy was because he moved faster than the Romans anticipated, and they probably didn't expect him to cross the Alpes. They sent a majority of their legions to Provincia and Hispania to counter him by boat, but he instead marched all the way. So while it took time for the Romans' to regroup and figure out that Hannibal was attacking in the north, Hannibal had found that he could use the Gauls in his armies to replace the countless men he lost in the Alpes, because they hated the Romans as much as he did. When the Romans finally regrouped in Italy and tracked him down, he did put up a good fight, but that ended most of it. Guerilla tactics isn't the most brilliant approach to waging a war, mainly because there are no territorial rewards to this style of fighting.

HA....come on. So you are saying that any adverage general of that day and time could defeat the glorious and powerful ROMANS on their own turf? What about the Battle of the river Ticinus, November 218 BC where Barca defeated a Roman army led by non-other-than Scripto himself? How about The Battle of Trebbia 218 BC, or The Battle of Trasimeno (217 BC) where Hannibal's troops destroyed almost the entire Roman army of 25,000...........And who could forget Cannae? It was the largest defeat in the history of Rome, OVER 40k ROMAN DEATHS! After the battle, Roman knight's gold rings were collected in baskets and later poured out onto the floor of the Carthaginian senate :lol:
Must I continue?
OK....
Whatever is said about Hannibal Barca reflects Rome. If he is not deserving of worthy mention or praise as a great general, what does that say for the THOUSANDS of Romans he has killed and the powerful Roman armies he defeated? The fact that they could not defeat him or make him leave Italy for 15 years says something. How can anyone who has respect for Rome not reconize Hannibal Barce as a great General. Even Scripto had much respect for him. It is said that Scripto wept on the day Carthage fell.
Hannible WAS a brilliant general and worthy of study and respect.
 
Krikkitone said:
You use the example of slaves having the same state as dogs, and this unfortunately undermines your arguement, because the majority of dogs are well taken care of, they are thought of as part of the family. The right to mistreat the dogs may be there but that right is not always used. (and different areas differ in how much you actually can do to a dog, ie as you pointed out dogs have some rights, and those may be better or worse as the case may be)

Actually, rather than undermine my agruement, it confirms it!
By your rationale we should make RAPE and MURDER legal based on the fact that most people would not participate in such things. That line of reasoning is just fine as long as you are not the slave that can be legally raped or murdered!
 
Capt Ajax said:
I can't believe you guys are arguing that slavery is beneficial to a civilization and that slaves are often happier and better off, rather than being free men

1)dont be confused; either understand, or dont understand the fact that the general modern concept of slavery, and the reality of slavery in the ancient world are two radically different things.

If slavery is so humane, why is it non-existant in the modern world?
because it leads to economic stagnation; though arguably, it is still very much present in the modern world in the form of credit debt, and "lack of options" in the workplace.

Slavery is imoral because it reduces a human soul to mere property. Property that can be, damaged, sodimised, desposed of, or sold at the leisure of it's owner. This privilage extends to offspring of the property, which means that slaves had (or would have) about as much rights as dogs do today.
WRONG by the 1st century AD, slaves had won significant rights, including the ability to sppeal agians tthier owners if they were beign treated inhumanelly

In this country you may:

Kill your dog whenever you want in the privacy of your own back yard: YES :goodjob:
Sodimise your dog in the privacy of your own home: (in some states where beastality is allowed) YES :goodjob:
Sell your dogs ofspring, therefore breaking up the happy dog family: YES :goodjob:
Breed your dog to other dogs for profit: :goodjob:
Violently torture or starve your dog to death: NO :nono:
agian wrong; you cannot do any of those things to an animal such as a dog legally. You might get away with it if you tried, but its not legal to do so.

AND THE FINAL BIG QUESTION!!
If you believe slavery is no big deal.......close your eyes, imagine yourself on the auction block in Rome. Who will buy you and for what purpose? Better hope he is not homosexual, or perhaps a man of science looking to conduct secret experiments. You may have had a family with children, but that opertunity is a now a slim possibility for you. If you are standing next to them, beter freeze that immage, because it will likely be the last time you are all together.
1)you will be reminded that you picture is skewed; was slavery a horrible instition? yes- but it wasnt hell in the Imperial era, somthign alot of people seem to have a hard tiem accepting, being so ingrained with the classic american version of slavery, which was total hell; Roman slaves had limited rights, could work odd jobs for personal wages, most were free to have famillies and not expect the children to be sold off unless somthing truelly horrible had been done, and yes, the dream fo freedom was very much in reach for almost all slaves in the empire- it is the fact that hope was never crushed for the Romans that made thier version of slavery better then that of the standard conception- you think of whips, chains and torture for slavery; i think of servants who live simply, somwhat uncomfortably, but working under similer ocnditions that were had by immigrents to the United States durign the industrial revlution, always workign with the hope that they woudl earn enough money to set them free of burden.

You were a warrior in another land, and will probably fight and resist your new master, but ultimately you have to choose between being a slave or killing yourself. murdering a free man or escaping is the same as suicide. You would be put down as quickly as a rabid dog.
generally speaking, most slaves were warriors, and slavery itself was a universal practice in the old world, and surpsringlly large amount of people accepted the fact. being a slave was no picnic- but it generally wasnt hell on earth either.

now, I'm never in support of slavery- its an abominable institution; but to understand history, you have to understand how people of a particuler era looked at a situation, and what a particuler situation entailed. Rome wasnt the harsh cruel overlord that it is often protrayed as; a society where the emperor of Rome himself goes out of his way to save th elife of a slave, and ounish the man who woudl have killed him says quite a bit about the soicety he grew up in. a society that isnt as easy to condem, once you learn the specifics of it, as you might like it to be.
 
Capt Ajax said:
Actually, rather than undermine my agruement, it confirms it!
By your rationale we should make RAPE and MURDER legal based on the fact that most people would not participate in such things. That line of reasoning is just fine as long as you are not the slave that can be legally raped or murdered!

I'm not saying they Should be legal. Just that if they were, the population wouldn't be continually raped and murdered (the incidence would definitely increase but not to the point where it was only activity)

To use a MUCH less contentious example, there is no law in the US currently agianst burning the flag... but that doesn't mean that most flags that are bought in the US are bought for burning, most are bought for displaying.

Or if you check the fine print of a EULA or a phone contract, bank contract, etc. there is a lot they could do that they don't because it would be bad business.

Just as it might not be illegal to do something it could still be unseemly, unpopular, stupid, inefficient, considered 'unclean', etc.

It is most definitely possible for someone to be a happy slave, just as it is possible for someone to be a happy subject of a totalitarian regime. Indeed I would say it is more possible in the former case because in as a slave you know the one who could torment you better, so if they are a good master you are more certain of that good treatment, wheras in a totalitarian regime you don't know all of the police personally, and therefore there is a much greater fear that it could be worse than it currently is.

Other situations my be better, but that doesn't mean they couldn't be far worse.
 
OK, first of all I am not arguing that the Romans should not have had slaves. In that era, slavery was an established and embedded institution. Sure slaves had limited rights and could work odd jobs, but the fact remains that they were property and life was not as glorious as a slave as you are attempting to portray. Also, you can legaly kill you dog, cat, horse, cows, or any other living property or stock that you own. In some states where beastality is not illeagle, you can have sex with them. You can not starve them to death or torture them, however, you do have the right to kill them at your leasure........look it up in your state code of laws before posting otherwise. You can kill them much in the same way that you could quickly dispatch a Roman slave for betraying you in that era.

I have also studied a great deal of History and find it quite easy to objectively place my self in the role of a Roman slave. Life during that era for most people was nasty brutish and short, and to be the slave of a rich noble beared a far better standard of living than a free begger on the street. However, not all slaves enjoyed this luxary.....surly not the ones who were sold to Brothels and made to have sex by their owners, or the ones who were chained to the rowing deck of the boats in the Roman navy. Slavery in the pre civil war South was probably not much different than slavery in the agriculture Roman countryside. However you slice it, the principal is still the same...........one man legally owning another.
 
Capt Ajax said:
OK, first of all I am not arguing that the Romans should not have had slaves. In that era, slavery was an established and embedded institution. Sure slaves had limited rights and could work odd jobs, but the fact remains that they were property and life was not as glorious as a slave as you are attempting to portray. Also, you can legaly kill you dog, cat, horse, cows, or any other living property or stock that you own. In some states where beastality is not illeagle, you can have sex with them. You can not starve them to death or torture them, however, you do have the right to kill them at your leasure........look it up in your state code of laws before posting otherwise. You can kill them much in the same way that you could quickly dispatch a Roman slave for betraying you in that era.

I have also studied a great deal of History and find it quite easy to objectively place my self in the role of a Roman slave. Life during that era for most people was nasty brutish and short, and to be the slave of a rich noble beared a far better standard of living than a free begger on the street. However, not all slaves enjoyed this luxary.....surly not the ones who were sold to Brothels and made to have sex by their owners, or the ones who were chained to the rowing deck of the boats in the Roman navy. Slavery in the pre civil war South was probably not much different than slavery in the agriculture Roman countryside. However you slice it, the principal is still the same...........one man legally owning another.

1)apperentlly, you havent studied it a great deal at all; th eline about Galley slaves rather gives it away (Rome never used galley slaves, unless some one mistranslated a text concerning a penal-legion deployment)- Roman mariners; soldires and galley rowers were all paid individuals; not slaves; it wasnt until the middle ages that gallyes woudl be rowed by slaves, notbaly by the Spanish and Turks.

2)was it nasty, brutish and short?; if you were an industrial slave working in stat emines, then yes; but if you ended up thiere, its lieklly that you were nasty, brutish and short yourself- but life wasnt as nasty as you say it was; it simply wasnt;

Augustus punished a wealthy Roman, one Vedius Pollio (who himself was a freed slave), for feeding clumsy, and wrong-doing slaves to his eels, by himself saving the slaves life, and punishing Pollio; and under the Empire laws restricting the power of masters over their slaves and children came into being and were steadily extended; however, we cannot know how well-enforced these were. Claudius ruled that if a master abandoned an old or sick slave, the slave became free. Under Nero, slaves were given the right to complain against their masters in court. Under Antoninus Pius, a slave could claim his freedom if treated cruelly, and a master who killed his slave without just cause could be tried for homicide. At the same time, it became more difficult for a person to fall into slavery under Roman law. By the time of Diocletian, free men could not sell their children or even themselves into slavery and creditors could not claim insolvent debtors as slaves.

Freedmen and freedwomen, called liberti, formed a separate class in Roman society at all periods. Their symbol was the Phrygian cap. These people were not numerous, but Rome needed to demonstrate at times the great frank spirit of this "civitas", so the freed slaves were made famous, as hopeful examples. Freed people suffered some minor legal disabilities that show in fact how otherwise open the society was to them—they could not hold certain high offices and they could not marry into the senatorial classes. They might grow rich and influential, but were still looked down on by free-born Romans as vulgar nouveaux riches, like Trimalchio. Their children had no prohibitions.

The Latin poet Horace, son of a freedman, served as a military officer in the army of Marcus Junius Brutus and seemed headed for a political career before the defeat of Brutus by Octavian and Mark Antony. Though Horace may have been an exceptional case, freedmen were an important part of Roman administrative functions. Freedmen of the Imperial families often were the main functionaries in the Imperial administration.


This improvement is often credited to the influence of Stoicism and Christianity. The Stoics taught that all men were manifestations of the same universal spirit, and thus by nature equal. At the same time, however, Stoicism held that external circumstances (such as being enslaved) did not truly impede a person from practicing the Stoic ideal of inner self-mastery: one of the more important Roman stoics, Epictetus, spent his youth as a slave.

Both the Stoics and the early Christians opposed the ill-treatment of slaves, rather than slavery itself. Keith R. Bradley argues, indeed, that the influence of such texts as "obey your masters...with fear and trembling" may have made beatings more common in late Antiquity. Many Christian leaders (such as Gregory of Nyssa and John Chrysostom) often called for good treatment for slaves and condemned slavery. In fact Pope Clement I (term c. 92 - 99), Pope Pius I (term c. 158 - 167) and Pope Callixtus I (term c. 217 - 222) are traditionally described as former slaves. [2]
 
XEN Wrote:
"1)apperentlly, you havent studied it a great deal at all; th eline about Galley slaves rather gives it away (Rome never used galley slaves, unless some one mistranslated a text concerning a penal-legion deployment)- Roman mariners; soldires and galley rowers were all paid individuals; not slaves; it wasnt until the middle ages that gallyes woudl be rowed by slaves, notbaly by the Spanish and Turks.

2)was it nasty, brutish and short?; if you were an industrial slave working in stat emines, then yes; but if you ended up thiere, its lieklly that you were nasty, brutish and short yourself- but life wasnt as nasty as you say it was; it simply wasnt;"


You contridict yourself with both arguements.....first there were no slaves, then they were some in the middel ages.........Life is nasty brutish and short, but not as nasty as I say it was???

Check out the book:
"The Private Life of the Romans" by Harold Whetstone Johnston

Here is an exert:
"Legal Status of Slaves. The power of the master over the slave, dominica potestās (§ 26), was absolute. The master could assign to the slave laborious and degrading tasks, punish him even unto death at his sole discretion, sell him, and kill him (or turn him out in the street to die) when age or illness had made him incapable of labor. Slaves were mere chattels in the eyes of the law, like oxen or horses. They could not legally hold property, they could not make contracts, they could testify in court only on the rack, they could not marry."

Did this happen in ALL CASES....no. Did it happen in SOME cases YES.

Reference:
"Octavian was left with some 700 ships of various sizes, ranging from heavy transports to light galleys (liburnae, which were his private property and which he manned with slaves and freedmen of his personal service. - No Roman citizenry ever handled an oar !"
http://www.roman-empire.net/army/leg-fleet.html"

Were all oarsman slaves....NO, Were some slaves oarsman....YES.

It is a good thing that you are not my personal slave Xen, because I would pay good coin to have you gang raped by a traveling band of homesexual Sythian Circus Preformers for my mere amusment, or at the very least have you flogged for your insolence................I say that not to be mean, but to make a point. If you were my slave I COULD do such things.
 
One more point to consider...........would you want to live with your mother and father forever? Most people are in their 50's by the time their parents pass away. Would you like to live in their house under their rules, not being able to own property, or mary for your whole life, putting up with thier total authority 4 ever? This is the glorious life of the slave (under the best circomstances) in the Roman era. I don't believe I need to describe the worst (Traveling bands of Sythian Circus Preformers come to mind :spank: )
 
Capt Ajax said:
You contridict yourself with both arguements.....first there were no slaves, then they were some in the middel ages.........Life is nasty brutish and short, but not as nasty as I say it was???

-use the quoting system; its simple, and its easy to use

1)contadict myself? Only if you look at it from an obtuse angle, straining to make a point out of it;
-I didnt say thier were no slaves only that you were mistaken in thinkign that Rome used slaves for purposes such as rowing galleys; or, any other military occupation, for that matter, including military building was undertaken by the army exclusivlly; slave labour wasnt used.

-more over, in my secodn statement you seek to to comment on, I am completlyl accurate; you wish to depict Roman slavery and stock and chattel whips and chains life and death extreams; its simply wasnt so; after the serviel wars, the slvaes had significant rights granted to them; you couldnt kill them without due cause, and indeed, doing so may very well see you killed, even if you did, as you woudl have had to proove the fact to a Roman court of law; Slaves were bonded to thie rmasters, but not thie revery whim, as if a status of living that was so depolrable as you might describe existed, a slave could appeal to a court that they were being treated so

Check out the book:
"The Private Life of the Romans" by Harold Whetstone Johnston

Here is an exert:
"Legal Status of Slaves. The power of the master over the slave, dominica potestās (§ 26), was absolute. The master could assign to the slave laborious and degrading tasks, punish him even unto death at his sole discretion, sell him, and kill him (or turn him out in the street to die) when age or illness had made him incapable of labor. Slaves were mere chattels in the eyes of the law, like oxen or horses. They could not legally hold property, they could not make contracts, they could testify in court only on the rack, they could not marry."
if this is the information presented in that particuler book, then its rather absurd; the situation wasnt even that bad before the servile wars, let alone after them.


Reference:
"Octavian was left with some 700 ships of various sizes, ranging from heavy transports to light galleys (liburnae, which were his private property and which he manned with slaves and freedmen of his personal service. - No Roman citizenry ever handled an oar !"
http://www.roman-empire.net/army/leg-fleet.html"

Were all oarsman slaves....NO, Were some slaves oarsman....YES.
"Roman EMpire. net" is hardley a source I would give credence to :rolleyes: if you want a real picture into the Roman military, i suggest the Osprey series of books on the sunject; made primarilly for war-game enthusiasts, they are none the less exreamlly well; and most authors dont even make mention of the fact that Roman rowers werenr slaves, as it was a commonality amoungst both the Greeks and Etruscans from which Rome learned the arts of naval warfare (contrary to popula rbelife, Rome had been engaged in naval action well before the Punic wars with carthage)

essentially, this quote sums it up'
The main function of the classis or fleet was to combat piracy and to support the operations of the other armed services. The imperial navy maintained two larger fleets based in the Mediterranean with smaller squadrons operating on the North Sea, Black Sea and the major rivers. Ravenna and Misenum were the main naval bases in the mare nostrum though ships were regularly detached to other ports. There existed some dedicated fleet installations along the river Rhine and Danube, but most were attached to bases of the frontier armies. The ships used by the imperial navy comprised both oared warships and transports as well as sailing craft used mainly for logistical support.

The vessels of the Roman navy were not manned by the slave rowers of popular imagination. All personnel serving in the imperial fleet were classed as soldiers, regardless of their function. Though the fleet had its own marines, these troops were used for boarding parties rather than amphibious assaults. The status of the sailors and marines of the Roman navy is somewhat unclear, though the fleet is generally regarded as the least prestigious branch of service. The fleet recruited freeborn citizens and peregrini as well as freedmen. Soldiers that did not possess Roman citizenship received this privilege after a minimum of 25 years of service.

A ship's crew, regardless of its size, was organised as a centuria with one officer responsible for sailing operations and a centurio for the military tasks. Among the crew were usually also a number of principales and immunes, some of which were identical to those of the army and some of which were peculiar to the fleet. Command of fleets was given to equestrian praefecti, those of the fleets based at Ravenna and Misenum having the largest prestige. The total strength of the Roman navy is not known with any exactitude, though it was reportedly some 40.000 strong during the reign of Diocletian. The Ravenna and Misenum fleets were each at least numerous enough to furnish the required number of men for a new legio.

Naval forces were used to create both auxiliary units, the cohortes classiariorum and cohortes classicae, and legionary formations, the legiones I and II Adiutrices. In addition men were also transferred to the auxilia or legiones on an individual basis. The fleet squadrons in at least the Danubian provinces may have recieved direct support from army units, as there is evidence available that a number of legionary soldiers received training as epibatae or liburnarii for service as marines.



It is a good thing that you are not my personal slave Xen, because I would pay good coin to have you gang raped by a traveling band of homesexual Sythian Circus Preformers for my mere amusment, or at the very least have you flogged for your insolence................I say that not to be mean, but to make a point. If you were my slave I COULD do such things.
well in all likelly hodd, it woudl be I who was the master, and you who were the slave ;) and a lucky thing to, as I dont feel particulerlyl bothered to break the law and risk my own neck at the chance Imperial authority might take notice and seem to dish out due punishment (somthing the Roman government was keen on doing) out to those who broke its laws, merelly to teach a slave a lesson. lets say you did do this to me; it woudl be easy for me to file an appeal, and win my freedom; your investment ina slave would be ruined, and you yourself would likelly be punished because fo your actions.
 
Capt Ajax said:
One more point to consider...........would you want to live with your mother and father forever? Most people are in their 50's by the time their parents pass away. Would you like to live in their house under their rules, not being able to own property, or mary for your whole life, putting up with thier total authority 4 ever? This is the glorious life of the slave (under the best circomstances) in the Roman era. I don't believe I need to describe the worst (Traveling bands of Sythian Circus Preformers come to mind :spank: )

skewed argument; most people died in thier 50's yes, but manumission came for good, and more importantlly, loyal service, not only death of a master.
 
"...you couldnt kill them without due cause...."

I am quite happy to rest my entire argement on the glory of ROMAN slavery on your statement listed above.

To get back on topic.............do you disagree that Carthage should have been included, or did you vote YES?
 
Xen said:
1)at the outset of the first Punic war, it was Carthage that was the larger power; indeed, the outset was the same at the second Punic war, and Carthage went into that particuler war with an army better honed then the Romans would feild until After Scipio Africanus' camapigns in Spain

I don't know about the Second Punic War having a more powerful Carthage. They had a weaker navy than Rome and the loss of Sicily is fairly significant. Yes, they expanded in Spain, but Rome had expanded as well (and, if they didn't have direct control over Spain, did have protectorates). But I think it is definately arguable that they were more powerful than Rome for the First Punic War (and before).

2)the onyl influcence Carthage had was that almost every one hated them; it was onyl fear of the Romans that lead a possible alliance between Carthage and Macedon to, theoretically occur, but otherwise sources are very clear; the Carthaginians were dispised.

It does seem almost all their alliances were strategically based (with the Etruscans against the Greeks, with the Romans against the Etruscans and Greeks, with Macedon against Rome).

And, to agree with you about slavery, Rome completely depended on slavery to survive, but slavery was common throughout the mediteranian world. For free peoples, Rome treated them much better than Carthage. Subjects under Carthaginian rule had to pay heavy tribute (so Carthage could pay for expensive mercenaries and naval vessels) and, iirc, all cities were forbidden to have walls (in case they rebelled).

Still, slavery was not a preferred status. Those who were slaves, even if they did have some rights and freedoms, were always worse off than they would be free. Its something that probably shouldn't be held against the Romans, since, like I said, everyone used slaves, but it isn't something that can be said positive about them either.

3)this influence was entirelly limited to trade; the Carthaginians made no significant contributions to culture or technology, and many regard the Roman crushing of Carthaginian practice of child sacrafice as a good thing.

From what I understand, Carthaginian child sacrifice was a rare thing (although undeniable that it happened). Though I don't think Rome's religion was necessarily perfect either.

BTW, there are many I'd choose before Carthage. But, I still think that Carthage is a great choice for a civilization to be in the game.
 
Louis XXIV said:
I don't know about the Second Punic War having a more powerful Carthage. They had a weaker navy than Rome and the loss of Sicily is fairly significant. Yes, they expanded in Spain, but Rome had expanded as well (and, if they didn't have direct control over Spain, did have protectorates). But I think it is definately arguable that they were more powerful than Rome for the First Punic War (and before).
I'd say they were about equal in the first pUnic war; and the cours eof the war stands it out, as the vast majority of it was a stalemate- in the second, the Carthgians started out in the head by having a war machine that had been honed in year so ffighting the ferocious Iberian tribes, and indeed, making use of Iberian regulers in thier forces- the problem was that the Romans wouldnt give in, and more over, that the Romans prooved fa rmore adaptable then Hannible was, or as much as Hannibal had expected; using essentially guerilla tactics to tie down his army and destroy what littl eof a logistical base he had while sending Scipio into Spain, essentially, to train the army and to take the Carthaginians out by edgeing in on them (similer to how the US entered the second world war, and toom out N. Africa, rather then heading into europe direct), and then used the fact that no one liked the Carhtgianins to thier advatage by gaining the Numidian light cavalry (of course, you know all this- the summary is for the plebs here who dont ;))



as it with most things, I agree with your assment of thie situation completlly :) though I still dont think Assyria is needed ;)
 
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