Thank you Jesse! It is very welcome news that Firaxis is supporting us at this level. I think that many of us will be very happy to have a patch which attempts to address the most serious issues, even if it isn't the final supported version. (Which I don't think anyone would expect so quickly!)
One specific issue I want to comment on is the modified combat calculation.
Clearly the new system will effectively increase the difference between attacker strength and defender strength. I've done some quick programming to see the impact of this. I have a quick and dirty calculator now which I think will show the difference in results for old way vs. the new way for any given attacker/defender combination.
If my calculator is correct then I think the results are disturbing in how game-altering they are. For example, consider a veteran Swordsman attacking an unfortified veteran Spearman on grassland.
With the current combat calculation the Swordsman wins almost exactly 2/3 of the time, the Spearman 1/3 of the time.
With the new calculation, if my code is correct, the Swordsman will win 84.4% of the time, the Spearman 15.6% of the time.
In other words, the Spearman's chance of surviving has been cut to less than half of what it was, from 1/3 to about 1/7.
Has Firaxis done this kind of calculation internally for typical scenarios such as Swordsman vs. Spearman? If so then it should be easy to quickly check my calculations. If they are incorrect could you post the right values for this example? And if my calculations are correct, do you really want to make such a hugely game altering change at this late date?
[Edit: To show another example, my calculations show that the odds for a veteran Immortal or veteran Knight vs a veteran Spearman, unfortified on grassland, will change from 79.2%/20.8% to 97.2%/2.8%.
Game-altering indeed. Persia will be unstoppable

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@derekroth: I think you are on a right track to working out the new odds except for one complication which must be added: you need to work out and accumulate the odds for each separate sequence which results in an overall win or loss, i.e. must allow for W,W,L,W, W,L,W,W, etc. in the overall weighting of results. If you don't do that, the values for the W,W,W,W and L,L,L,L sequences influence the result out of the correct proportion.
And you also need to allow for the number of HP involved. Your calculation of 80%/20% for the tank is true only if both units have just 1HP. If they both have 3HP the result would change to 94.2%/5.8%.