Constantin Cavafy

Kyriakos

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Although i posted a number of Cavafy poems in the old poetry thread, it seems to be dead now, and perhaps it is not superfluous to amass some of them in this post.

Cavafy is my favourite poet, he was a Greek living in Alexandria in the beginning of the 20th century. His poetry largely consists of symbolic verses that clothe themselves with ancient and Byzantine Greek history, while he attempts to describe his own passions and thoughts through them.

So, here are a few of his poems. First off this is my own translation of the poem "The pawn" :)

The pawn

Often, as i watch others playing chess
my eye is following a pawn
which slowly finds its way
and reaches the final line.
With such willingness it goes to the end
that you would think that naturally here shall begin
its joys and its rewards.
Many unpleasantness does it find on the road.
Blades crookedly are being thrown at it by walkers-by
the castles hit it with their wide
lines' inside their two squares
fast riders seek with malice to make it stranded'
and now and then with a diagonal threat
in its path some pawn is found
from the camp of the enemy sent.

But it escapes from all the dangers
and it reaches the final line

How thiumphantly does it there reach,
to the horrible line the last
how willingly does it touch its death!

Because here the pawn shall die
and all of its worries were merely for this.
For the Queen, which shall save us
to ressurect her from the grave
it came to fall to the chessboard's Hades.

Another poem i like a lot is the one titled "Candles":

Candles

Days to come stand in front of us
like a row of lighted candles—
golden, warm, and vivid candles.

Days gone by fall behind us,
a gloomy line of snuffed-out candles;
the nearest are smoking still,
cold, melted, and bent.

I don’t want to look at them: their shape saddens me,
and it saddens me to remember their original light.
I look ahead at my lighted candles.

I don’t want to turn for fear of seeing, terrified,
how quickly that dark line gets longer,
how quickly the snuffed-out candles proliferate.

Lastly, for now, here is the poem "The Poseidonians":

Poseidonians

([We behave like] the Poseidonians in the
Tyrrhenian Gulf, who although of Greek
origin, became barbarized as Tyrrhenians
or Romans and changed their speech and
the customs of their ancestors. But they
observe one Greek festival even to this
day; during this they gather together and
call up from memory their ancient names
and customs, and then, lamenting loudly
to each other and weeping, they go away.

Athenaios, Deipnosophistai, Book 14, 31A (632) )

The Poseidonians forgot the Greek language
after so many centuries of mingling
with Tyrrhenians, Latins, and other foreigners.
The only thing surviving from their ancestors
was a Greek festival, with beautiful rites,
with lyres and flutes, contests and wreaths.
And it was their habit toward the festival’s end
to tell each other about their ancient customs
and once again to speak Greek names
that only a few of them still recognized.
And so their festival always had a melancholy ending
because they remembered that they too were Greeks,
they too once upon a time were citizens of Magna Graecia;
and how low they’d fallen now, what they’d become,
living and speaking like barbarians,
cut off so disastrously from the Greek way of life.
 
How thiumphantly does it there reach,
to the horrible line the last
how willingly does it touch its death!

Because here the pawn shall die
and all of its worries were merely for this.
For the Queen, which shall save us
to ressurect her from the grave
it came to fall to the chessboard's Hades.
It's certainly a dark interpretation of pawn promotion - not as a promotion, but as death.
 
Yes, but it is quite valid i think. The pawn may be seen as actually being transformed to the Queen, but in the actual game of chess you drop the pawn out of the chessboard, and pick up the other piece in its place, so it does seem like one piece dies as it would had it been attacked by another enemy :)
 
Cavafy on cynicism (from "In a Township of Asia Minor"):

The news about the outcome of the sea battle off Actium
Was indeed unexpected.
But there's no need for us to draft a new address.
Only the name need by changed. There,
In the last lines, instead of having freed the Romans
From the ruinous Octavian,
That parody of a Caesar,

We'll now put having freed the Romans
From the ruinous Antony
.
The whole text fits in beautifully.
 
A couple more poems:

The walls

With no consideration, no pity, no shame,
they have built walls around me, thick and high.
And now I sit here feeling hopeless.
I can’t think of anything else: this fate gnaws my mind—
because I had so much to do outside.
When they were building the walls, how could I not have noticed!
But I never heard the builders, not a sound.
Imperceptibly they have closed me off from the outside world.

In the year 200 B.C.

“Alexander, son of Philip, and the Greeks except the Lacedaimonians...”

We can very well imagine
how completely indifferent the Spartans would have been
to this inscription. “Except the Lacedaimonians”—
naturally. The Spartans
weren’t to be led and ordered around
like precious servants. Besides,
a pan-Hellenic expedition without
a Spartan king in command
was not to be taken very seriously.
Of course, then, “except the Lacedaimonians.”

That’s certainly one point of view. Quite understandable.

So, “except the Lacedaimonians” at Granikos,
then at Issus, then in the decisive battle
where the terrible army
the Persians mustered at Arbela was wiped out:
it set out for victory from Arbela, and was wiped out.

And from this marvelous pan-Hellenic expedition,
triumphant, brilliant in every way,
celebrated on all sides, glorified
as no other has ever been glorified,
incomparable, we emerged:
the great new Hellenic world.

We the Alexandrians, the Antiochians,
the Selefkians, and the countless
other Greeks of Egypt and Syria,
and those in Media, and Persia, and all the rest:
with our far-flung supremacy,
our flexible policy of judicious integration,
and our Common Greek Language
which we carried as far as Bactria, as far as the Indians.

Talk about Lacedaimonians after that!
 
Another poem from the Cavafy archive:

Waiting for the Barbarians

What are we waiting for, assembled in the forum?

The barbarians are due here today.


Why isn’t anything happening in the senate?
Why do the senators sit there without legislating?

Because the barbarians are coming today.
What laws can the senators make now?
Once the barbarians are here, they’ll do the legislating.


Why did our emperor get up so early,
and why is he sitting at the city’s main gate
on his throne, in state, wearing the crown?

Because the barbarians are coming today
and the emperor is waiting to receive their leader.
He has even prepared a scroll to give him,
replete with titles, with imposing names.


Why have our two consuls and praetors come out today
wearing their embroidered, their scarlet togas?
Why have they put on bracelets with so many amethysts,
and rings sparkling with magnificent emeralds?
Why are they carrying elegant canes
beautifully worked in silver and gold?

Because the barbarians are coming today
and things like that dazzle the barbarians.


Why don’t our distinguished orators come forward as usual
to make their speeches, say what they have to say?

Because the barbarians are coming today
and they’re bored by rhetoric and public speaking.


Why this sudden restlessness, this confusion?
(How serious people’s faces have become.)
Why are the streets and squares emptying so rapidly,
everyone going home so lost in thought?

Because night has fallen and the barbarians have not come.
And some who have just returned from the border say
there are no barbarians any longer.


And now, what’s going to happen to us without barbarians?
They were, those people, a kind of solution.
 
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