Bhruic,
I'm not sure if your post was directed at me or not, but regardless I want to say that I agree with you. I've only had Civ a few months, and I'm playing on Monarch+. Part of this is because I am anal about micromanaging. I micromanage my workers, cities, specialists, civics, religions, diplomacy, military units, espionage, and research. Everything is directly or indirectly related to everything else.
For example, if I have a new city site that is 12 spaces away, and no horses nor ivory in my BFC, there are three (basic) ways to do this.
1) Move your unescorted settler blindly through the fog, and hope that no enemy civs nor barbarians show up to whack your settler, but at the same time not delaying it's movement.
2) Move your settler with a military units, denying the settler their 2nd move. This results in a new city being built 3-5 turns later, but ensures it will not be an easy target if a barbarian shows up.
3) Use two or three military units in set positions such that they can see (fog bust) the entire path from my city to the new site. This ensures that no barbarians will spawn in the direct path. If barbarians do rear their ugly heads, move your military unit(s) to intercept. This protects the settler from barbarians at the same time doesn't delay the city being built.
This micromanagement of my military units permits a new city to be quickly erected and safely, decreasing the time it will take for that city to turn into a thriving city of whatever I wanted that city to do, increasing my empire's overall efficiency and power quickly. Doing 10 different micromanagement "thing" can mean the difference in having a strong army of catapults 10 or 15 turns before your enemy even has construction, or having the enemy have a strong army of catapults 10 to 15 turns before you have construction.
Diplomacy is the same way. If you aren't constantly checking the diplomacy screen you are going to have a tougher time than someone who lives and dies by the diplomacy screen. Get to know your neighbours! Talk to them, constantly. Find out who they're on good terms with. Find out who they hate. Find out who those people like and hate. Create a spiderweb in your mind of who likes who, and who hates who. Sometimes there are two large factions that hate each other, (think Hatfields and McCoys) other times there are multiple factions, with 2 powerhouses of a few civs, and multiple 1-2 civs that are fairly isolated diplomatically. Sometimes it's more beneficial to team up with a neutral 2 civ faction than to join the 5 civ faction that is currently at war with another 5 civ faction.
It is up to YOU to decide. And that's where micromanagement comes in. The diplomacy system isn't that tough to figure out if you put your mind to it. But just like anything else in civ, don't expect to master a new strategy your first game practicing it. Attention and experience are what it takes to master anything in civ. But especially experience.