Just to be a devils advocate ,
If police state ~ a totalitarian state
then peter fits the mould (at least partially)
Founding a new city (for very ideological reasons) and forcing everything elsewhere to be built in wood so St Petersburg could use all the stone,
Completely systematising aristocratic-society (bearocracy is often found in a police state)
Dubious shenanigans and scheming and backstabbing invovled in his rise to the throne
A psychopath according to some reports
A reign of continous war a very little consultation representation or freedom