Monarchy could be good since there is wine, but CHA+ivory might be enough happines too.
you can always gift him Monarchy for diplo bonus for sharing discoveries and another diplo bonus for favourite civic.
Both currency and monarchy are needed, currency is even more awesome on difficulties where you have time to sell the AIs alot of the small stuff like poly/medi/priesthood etc.
Probably valuing monarchy higher than alpha (unless someone has monarchy) and definitely way higher than currency, which is a tech that let's your tech rate explode assuming you have an empire with strong cities already.
I agree that Monarchy would've been a good play, but I'd advise against switching to it now that you have access to no less than four (!) Calendar ressources.
I’d oracle monarchy. Happiness situation makes monarchy essential whereas COL is just a nice option. I’d also prefer not to found a religion because it means everyone hates you when you meet them and it prevents religion autospreads from giving you diplomatic options down the line.
I think Monarchy is the play for diplo reasons, but I dont hate CoL > Philo bulb > Pacifism. You can get by in Iso with size 5 cities and a size 6 cap, especially when you dont have a really strong commerce cap.
You lack happiness resources too. Aztecs have ivory but would never trade it to you. You needed monarchy or mids. That or calendar.
I did the same mistake, went to monarchy through meditation because it's cheaper.
Had I not done that, getting out the astro guys with CoL would have been much easier!
Once I get monarchy, I can grow my cities big to work quite a lot of riverside cottages, wine, and scientists.
Currency after HBR is certainly a choice. Another choice is Monarchy, for the extra happiness under
HR and for the Wines resource. But I'm not sure if it's worth teching Monarchy in your game, because
AI Catherine likes HR so she might get early Monarchy, which means you may get Monarchy from Cathy.
IIRC, Monarchy is usually very easy to get through tech trading.
Given the shortage of commerce and relative abundance of production it was quicker to get HR happiness via building Pyramids rather than researching monarchy.
This iso map is abit of an odd case due to the silver, two happines from forges makes much heavier emphasis on forges and makes it possible to ignore monarchy.
But ignoring monarchy is probably dumb now since rushing optics isn't as important as I'm used to.
The two techs that I would love to get, but are not required to get before astro is monarchy and currency.
Monarchy I have an normal intuition for when to get since it's so common. But I can't recal a single Iso game where I have ever gone currency.
Big decision here is if you want to go for monarchy before the optics beeline. There is wine which speaks for monarchy, but OTOH your first 3 cities doesn't really benefit that much from a higher happycap (working more flatland cottages isn't exacly woo-hoo when you have to pay upkeep for each warrior providing another population).
Not a monarchy map now imo, Forges are easy builds with IND so you are getting +2 happy from your gems in the future.
Monarchy is good for the happy surplus. CoL is good for the specialist bulbs options. Monarchy is probably the safest, more linear option. CoL needs a lot of food surplus, which you seem to lack.
NB : note that the trouble with Monarchy (or Hereditary Rule) is that you don't need the extra happiness if you lack the food surplus to take advantage of it.
Edit : Am I contradicting myself ? Yes, both CoL and Monarchy need food surplus to yield great results.