A question to me is whether the US's enormous revenue streams from those
hugely expensive service "exports" is sustainable in the long term.
For various reasons, I consider that such a large scale surplus is unsustainable.
In which case, building manufacturing back up is a very rational strategy.
Of course the people who may be in for a shock are Donald's billionaire
chums (Elon etc) when the world reacts and their foreign revenue disappears.
Change is the only constant. In that way there is nothing sustainable-as-in-permanent.
I feel sustainability these days comes as sets of Shibolleths: Are we talking green-shifting, likely technology driven? Or ideas of managed de-population – possibly a return to subistance economies? Or straight up national autarky the better to go to war? Or some other version?
As said, none of it is sustainable in the long run. The EU currently has a 150 billion USD annual manufactured goods trade surplus with the US. The US otoh has a 100 billion USD trade surplus in services to the EU. So the actual disparity to the US' disadvantage (and debatable if it really is) is 50 billion with the EU per Annum. Where the US export 3000+ billions every year. (740 billion USD exports to the EU in 2023 – 25% or so of total US exports to the EU – vs 790 billion USD in EU exports to the US.) If one brings in the mutual investments in each others economies – the US invested 2,45 trillion USD in the EU, while the EU reciprocated with 2,65 trillion in the US, i.e. another 200 billion USD extra the EU sank across the Atlantic.
So taking goods, services and investments, the EU stands at about -150 billion USD/year that the US profits from in the current situation. Out of a volume of financial interaction to a tune of about 6,6 trillion USD per year – so a deficit in the US favour of about 2,3% of aggregate volume, which under any kind of more... reflective... circumstances really should count as pretty much in balance. Perfect equilibrium – hard to get, and actually not even desirable in circumstances like this – one can look for things to balance out over time though.
(Actually, looking specifically at the EU goods trade balance with the US, everyone is pretty even with the US – except the Netherlands with a huge 30 billion € deficit to the US – while the US deficits to the EU lies with Germany (no surprise), Italy and Ireland, 160 billion € in total. So all the US needs to is work out is how to even things out with those three – if it's such a problem.)
But Trump is going to pour petrol over it all and set a fire, because someone told him something he didn't understand anyway - and because that's the kind of guy he is.