An explanation for the blue and yellow squares:
Obviously we do not realise the things the brain does on our behalf until they are made clear. When we look at colours, we see them in a wide variety of conditions. At dusk, at dawn, the different wavelengths of light reflect off objects in many different ways. The intensity of sunlight, the angle of reflection, loads of other things, all play a part.
But if we look at a green object, say, we generally see it always the same colour. We think this is normal. In fact, the brain has normalised the colour (which is always fluctuating in some way) so that we are not put off by constantly different seeming colours.
In the blue and yellow squares picture, the brain has normalised the colour for you depending on it's context. So it has been 'normalised' to the extent that it looks completely different according to the background.
Weird eh?