I still don't understand how we tech'd so fast, was it purely due to trade routes + colossus?
Yea possibly. I think we made efficient use of all gold coming in from conquests,even without pillaging cottages. I mean good trading and good tech path. The sea tiles are a good fast boost as opposed to the cottage that takes a while.
Oracle to MC was a good boost too. MC and alphabet for trades put us ahead and we didn't look back because after that our conquest gold paid the tech largely.
The trade routes didn't hit really high levels because the AIs were on the same continent, but I guess it was that the trade routes were early.
It seems that we leveraged what we had early, and this made the difference.
Combined it with good war and we suddenly had two times the cities of anyone else.
Augustus could have run away with it but his war with Ragnar was just in time.
Churchill was boxed in by Augustus' culture. Kublai had crappy land. Keeping Ragnar pleased was crucial because if he'd attacked us while we were beating up Saladin it would have slowed us down.
Isabella had no chance when we grabbed her copper.
Saladin fell hard because we got those elephants and iron. That was a good tactic. It gave us Mecca soon which was game breaking for the production as well as the trade routes.
Then there was good management of the GPP. Two merchants feuled that domination. So Collosus and G-lighthouse were key. Then we got lucky getting another merchant out of Mecca .
The shrine almost didn't figure. It was a waste to spend hammers on missionaries.
Production was better than drafting in the end. It really showed how powerful it is to emphasize production.