Vexing, I didn't think it was possible but with a near perfect map breaking the 1600 mark is possible! Mind you, I don't think I would have come anywhere near the result I just got had it not been for the information in this thread! Thanks very much to the both of you on that one
how about the 1100s mark?
to be fair, i did use puppets and that's pretty much the only way to do this. my main goal was just to see how fast it could be done, and the settings are all severely in my favor.
it's normal size, i picked opponents to minimize the wonder builders and added the two extra, left ruins on, policy saving, no barbs.
signed 9 RAs while in the classical era, guided the first one to pop civil service, the next two to pop metal casting + steel around turn 200, had built 3 maori warriors after barracks / heroic epic in capital before this, and then used them to puppet napolean as he was being a bit of a wonder whore and was in first place. i gained the pyramids out of the deal which is very helpful, then covered his land in statues.
cath completed chichen, so i headed down to grab that. it took me a very long time to puppet her cities, i ended up needing to wait until RAs had gotten navigation so i could use a couple frigates to reinforce my longswords. after that i pretty much just chilled until the end when i needed a source of aluminum for a hydro plant, so i upgraded my frigates to destroyers and took washington's cities - he had aluminum with a mine built.
for policies i took tradition, aristocracy, legalism at philosophy, landed elite, monarchy, saved till renaissance and took left side of freedom, then patronage to scholasticism then educated elite, then right side of freedom (i think 14 policies total), then saved until i had built cristo.
it could be done faster too. i had no wine/incense for a monastery, i missed building oracle, no desert for solar plant - utopia project took 27ish turns to build, i signed some RAs that were intended to get me to a nuclear plant but i didn't bother calculating how many turns would really be left, so i signed them way too late.
i also wasn't sure how puppets would react to the statues and learned a couple things: they'll work a 3 food 2/3 culture tile over a 2 food 1 gold sea tile, but not over a 2 food 2 gold sea tile, so going into a golden age dropped my culture output, and you really need to prioritize flight as the +1 gold makes the puppets love them.