OP, you're doing fine. I applaud your effort. I just recently made my way through Noble by reading
all of the War Academy articles, more than once. Making copious use of the search function whenever a question came to mind. Posting detailed reports of my current games. Blah, blah, blah... I have to say, what's missing around here is a guide exactly like what you are envisioning.
All that said, if I may, my 2
I'd say "basic" lessons for a Noble player could be broken down into two phases. Expansion and post-expansion. Post-expansion is broken down further into Peacemonger vs Warmonger.
Expansion
1) How to pick city-sites.
2) What resources to improve and in which order. This ties back into #1, as choosing city sites is more often than not dependent on what resources are around you. The exception being blocking.
3) Which techs should one choose and why? This ties back into #2.
4) When to block and why.
4b) This AI is close. Should I rush? *If yes, then skip down to "Warmonger".*
5) When to stop expansion and why.
Peacemonger
1) How much defense does one need?
2) Tech to space race, learn the tech tree, buildings, and improvements.
3) Learn about trading resources.
Warmonger
1) What techs are important if planning for war?
2) When should one start building troops and why?
3) What troops should one build and why?
4) Why are siege units so awesome?
5) When should one stop building units?
That said, everything is dependant on the map. So...it is necessary to look at a handful of varying scenarios while exploring the same("basic") lessons. Once those lessons are mastered, one can move onto "intermediate" lessons. Breaking lessons apart and focusing on just one piece at a time is very helpful when one is being bombarded with eleventybillion pieces of information all at once.
I remember back when I was learning CivIII, I'd pick one article from the War Academy and just focus on the lesson at hand. Once I had that lesson down pat, I'd pick another article, rinse, repeat. Were some aspects of my play neglected during those games? Well, of course. The point is that once enough of these individual lessons are learned, things start to click and one begins to incorporate all of these lessons together. At this point, the player can begin working on "intermediate" strategies.