As far as musicians go, I'd imagine the composers of the basis for each Civ leader's theme will make an appearance, if applicable (For example, Mozart's
Requiem for Austria, Prokoviev's
Montagues and Capulets for Russia). I'm guessing Tchaikovsky will already be included (Swan Lake or the Nutcracker), but one of
The Five composers would be neat as well. Maybe Rimsky-Korsakov's Scheherazade or Mussorgsky's Pictures. Vivaldi's 4 seasons is a good bet as well. Dvorak already has his own soundtrack in the game, but I'd imagine they'd reuse it for the great musician, so New World (2nd Movement or 4th Movement) will be on there.
Maybe Rachmaninoff or Shostakovich.
As far as writers go, Huxley's
Brave New World better be on there. Orwell's 1984 might make an appearance as well. Augustine's
Confessions might sneak in there if they wanted to include theological works, but then I'd also imagine the Koran would be in as well. Dante's
Divine Comedy will be in there (how would it not?). Homer is a must with the
Odyssey or
Iliad. Thomas Moore's
Utopia would also be a good selection, given how it fits with the whole Civ theme.
And I don't know enough about artists to make any conjectures.
Of course, I'm very focused on Western greats here. I know nothing about Eastern culture to even fathom a guess.