Clymer Freas (1867–1942)
[m] who was city editor at the
Punxsutawney Spirit is credited as the "father" who conceived the idea of "Groundhog Day".
[31][n] It has also been suggested that Punxsutawney was where all the Groundhog Day events originated, from where it spread to other parts of the United States and Canada.
[33]
The Groundhog Day celebrations of the 1880s were carried out by the Punxsutawney Elks Lodge. The lodge members were the "genesis" of the Groundhog Club formed later, which continued the Groundhog Day tradition. But the lodge started out being interested in the
groundhog as a game animal for food. It had started to serve groundhog at the lodge, and had been organizing a hunting party on a day each year in late summer.
[34]
The chronologies given are somewhat inconsistent in the literature. The first "Groundhog Picnic" was held in 1887 according to one source,
[31] but given as post-circa-1889 by a local historian in a journal. The historian states that around 1889 the meat was served in the lodge's banquet, and the organized hunt started after that.
[34]
Either way, the Punxsutawney Groundhog Club was formed in 1899, and continued the hunt and "Groundhog Feast", which took place annually in September.
[35][36] The "hunt" portion of it became increasingly a ritualized formality, because the practical procurement of meat had to occur well ahead of time for
marinating. A drink called the "groundhog punch" was also served.
[o][37][38] The flavor has been described as a "cross between pork and chicken".
[39] The hunt and feast did not attract enough outside interest, and the practice was discontinued.
[35]
The groundhog was not named Phil until 1961, possibly as an indirect reference to
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.
[40]
Punxsutawney today[edit]

Groundhog Day, Punxsutawney, 2013
The largest Groundhog Day celebration is held in
Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania, where
crowds as large as 40,000 gather each year[41] (nearly eight times the year-round population of the town).
[42] The average draw had been about 2,000 until the 1993 film
Groundhog Day, which is set at the festivities in Punxsutawney, after which attendance rose to about 10,000.
[35] The official Phil is pretended to be a
supercentenarian, having been the same forecasting beast since 1887.
[35]
In 2019, the 133rd year of the tradition, the groundhog was summoned to come out at 7:25 am on February 2, but did not see its shadow.
[43] Fans of Punxsutawney Phil awaited his arrival starting at 6:00 am, thanks to a live stream provided by Visit Pennsylvania. The live stream has been a tradition for the past several years, allowing more people than ever to watch the animal meteorologist.
[44]
2021 was the 135th, and for the first time, much of the Inner Circle members were required to wear a mask. The groundhog was summoned at 7:25 am on February 2 and saw its shadow.
[45] Due to the
COVID-19 pandemic, the ceremony was held
behind closed doors, with no fans allowed to attend.
2022 saw the 136th celebration of the event and the groundhog saw its shadow, predicting six more weeks of winter.
[46]
In 2023, during the 137th prognostication event, the groundhog once again saw its shadow, calling for six more weeks of winter.
[47]