Update 1, 3900 B.C.E.
By 4000 B.C.E. many different civilizations arise throughout the world. The English, for example, settle the isle of Britian, establishing the town of London. They already have a complex religious system which shows some signs of monotheism, and an established language. English quickly becomes the predominant tongue of SouthEastern Britian, as the locals learn they'll have to be fluid in it to go about their business. With the rise of English influence, annexing the surrounding areas is not a problem at all, and is the point of the first known English military manuever. The new land is farmed, but it's very tough. For one, the English are a Northern people and their climate isn't too favorable for heavy climbing. More importantly, the English aren't very advanced in farming, being a mostly hunting people.
Other civilizations don't face such problems. The Egyptians for example, centered around the nile river vally, are an agricultural people. Their leader, Saladin, focuses instead on building roads along the fertile nile river, and further expansion. Expansion to the East and West is harsh, without much water. Expansion along the nile however, goes very smoothly. Rumors of a great lake to the North arise.
Along the shores of that great lake, unbeknownst to the Egpytians, live the Roman peoples. A collection of various families, the Romans settle the town of Rome at around this time. The hilly terrain proves bad for expansion, as do the mountains to the east. However expansion along the coast goes fairly well. No powerful new peoples have been met, but the nearby locals are more than willing to trade with them. It is about this time that the Romans first discover grapes, which become a Roman delicacy. Rumors of a large tribe to the North are persistant however.
Much farther North live the Celts. A loosely held together collection of tribes that worship everything from animals to trees. The most prominent group is headed by Spacetraveler, a sort of early religious leader. They establish a small territory near the Danube river and expand in all directions. Their culture is surprisingly high, thanks to the many accomplishments of their druids.
In West Africa, the Almohads appear. Not much is known about these people except that they were strict polytheists, constructing many primitive temple structures. They, like most other people of the time, expand predominantly along the coast.
In Southeastern Europe, a sort of cousins of the Romans, the Byzantines, rise on the European side of the straits of the Bosphorus. They expand slightly and build many roads. However, they encounter a people called the Thracians to the North.
The Japanese make settlements on the Japanese islands, chief of them being Kyoto. Their ceremonial leader is the emperor, but a man named Shogun holds the real power. Over the years, Shogun becomes a title passed down amongst the most powerful warlords of Japan. Guided by a vision, he orders the Japanese to build "swords". After many decades of failure, they finally accomplish something along those lines.
In a remote corner of Polynesia, the Hawaiians settle the chain of islands that would bear their name. They learn to cultivate sugar cane which helps out their economy. They also build the world's first shipyard on the largest of the hawaiian islands, making way for future naval expansion.
The only significant civilization in the Americas is that of the Seminoles, who make a small tribal confederation on the Seminole peninsula. They increase their economy level as well and encounter nothing but similar people in all directions. Rumors of great water all around them spread like wildfire.
In Greece, the city of Athens first appears. The elders follow a strange form of goverment called a republic, which allows citizens to actually contribute their opinions. Many greek fishing villages appear along the coast. The Greeks also attempt to spread into the islands all around them. Seeing that they have no boats to speak of yet, they try and swim to the other islands. Many do not make it.
In Arabia, a people called the Arabs make the city of Mecca. The idol-worshiping Meccans consider it very holy and it becomes a major center of trade. The leader of the Arabs constructs many marketplaces, and their economy is greatly increased. The Arabs expand in all directions, however they encounter mostly desert, which is easy to obtain but fairl worthless.
In the many forests of Germany, the Germans increase their economy as well. People of similar tongue gather from all around and join their city, Berlin, which quickly becomes one of the biggest in Europe. They expand fairly easily.
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From Thrace
To Byzantium
Who are you and what business do you have with our kingdom?