On 'the Eternal Recurrence' (circular time)

Kyriakos

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The Eternal Recurrence was the name given to the iteration of this old theory, by Nietzsche. Before him it was existent in presocratic movements such as the Pythagorians (6th century BC), as well as in some philosophical schools of the Hellenistic and Roman age. The Stoics, in particular, are tied to it, and their own system of thought is argued to be linked to Heraklitos of Ephesos, who had the theory in mid 6th century BC (some decades after Pythagoras main activity) that all phenomena are facades of an ongoing struggle of a sole element to reach equilibrium (which he named as 'fire').

The Eternal Recurrence can be condenced in the following description:

-Time is viewed as infinite, but circular, since the actual (material) basis for the phenomena in the universe are argued to be finite. In brief this means that no matter how vast the total number of the tiniest atomic/particle bits of all material are, they are not actually infinite in number. From that premise it follows that if the Univrse will go on existing forever, those non-infinite particles will at some point construct all possible different arrangements between them, and (in the theory inevitably) they will then go on to repeat previous arrangements.
-The theory by Nietzche presents this effect as a linear repetition of the previous phenomena. For example Nietzsche would at some time be born again, go through the same crap, and end up thinking again of the theory of Eternal Recurrence, and so on.
-The theory is (loosely) based on the premise that there do indeed exist 'atomic' (in the sense un-divisible) final particles to matter. If the divisions of matter end at some level, and if matter can go on existing for an infinity of time, it might indeed follow that at some point matter will form again the same phenomena. But the premise already is in doubt, cause it might be so that divisions never end (another presocratic, Elean in this case, thesis).

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The thread aims to infinitely divide what is left of the phenomenically few posters who matter, in sharing their views on this theory. You can note if in your view the afforementioned theory has some ground or not, and you can also elaborate on your view.
:)
 
I believe the typical Buddhist conception of the universe is somewhat similar; there is a reoccuring motif where it is suggested, for instance, that every living being was once your mother at some point (I suppose the concept of reincarnation isn't even entirely necessary for this to happen, though, of course, it makes it easier to conceptualize).

Unfortunately I am not well-versed in Buddhist philosophy/cosmology/theology/whatever to comment further or more elaborately. Otherwise, it's an idea I like, but, again, since I am not too well-versed in it, I can't do much defending or arguing against it.
 
:)

Useful to note that Nietzsche, in his own version of the theory, seems to conclude that the distinct larger unities/objects (eg individual humans) will be pretty much a repeat of the previous time. Not sure why they would also (apparently) exist in the repeated timeline(s) as well, along with everything else there.

I suppose they could repeat in a multitude of other ways, even if particles are finitely divisible and time is infinite. For example they may re-arrange more randomly, as in minute to near-completely different variations of the previous case.

Borges, the Argentinian writer, focuses on those issues heavily in many of his stories (eg The Library of Babylon, The road to Al-Mutasim).
 
There's the Quantum revival in physics if someone wants a more sophisticated concept of a universe that repeats itself.
 
My dryer rotates the clothes in a circular manner and all of them multiple times. However it does occasionally stop and start before the process begins again. This of course happens within an observable context. How does one know what goes on outside of such a context? What are the thoughts of the clothes themselves about the subject?
 
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