Short version: What exactly determines how much an AI is willing to offer for peace?
Long version: Still playing the same game I mentioned earlier, Boudicca on Emperor. I've taken the capitals of five of the other six civs on my continent. (Dido gets a pass for now because she's been friendly throughout the game even as all the other leaders were scrambling over each other to denounce me.) Every single one of them, regardless of size, has offered up their smallest, crappiest single city in exchange for peace even after I decimated their armies and pillaged most of their lands.
Now I see that Pocatello has an entire continent to himself and is taking over the remaining continent with a military three times the size of my own. He's also got Brandenburg Gate, and if I've learned anything in this playthrough, it's how powerful promotions can be. So I decide I'd better take him before he gets out of control, and now is the opportune moment as he's currently embroiled in war with Ramkhamhaeng (who shares the remaining continent with Pachacuti). I start pumping out units, blockade his continent with my navy, and land my army on his shores, taking his capital and 4-5 other cities while sniping any units that try to cross back over from the other continent. Once he no longer poses much of a threat, I send some forces to mop in Siam, liberating most of Ramkhamhaeng's cities. Having achieved my main objectives, I decide to make peace. And then Pocatello offers me 8 of his 9 remaining cities as part of the deal.
I have enough happiness, between autocracy, pagodas/mosques, and ceilidh halls, that I could take the offer without crippling my empire, though I'm not sure that I want to. But anyway, I'm curious what made him offer such lopsided terms in the first place. If anything, he was in a much better position than my previous opponents had been, retaining the capacity to pump out 1-3 units each turn and with most of his remaining land untouched by my forces. The only factors I can see that might have made the difference are the rate at which I've been taking cities (5-6 in the 3 turns prior to the peace deal) and the size of my military, which drastically ballooned from the small, elite force I had used in previous wars. I also killed a much higher number of units than in previous wars, although he probably still had a slightly better W/L ratio than my previous 2-3 enemies because it was the first time I'd fought an enemy with an air force.
One other question, as well: Ramkhamhaeng still shows up as "guarded" even though he's acting friendly (greeting me warmly, accepting open borders without a bribe - telling me that he can't offer me enough for it, in fact - and giving me 7+ gpt for luxuries). Does this have any gameplay effects, and is there any way to make him show up as "friendly" again?