Reno
The Studio Ghibli Fanatic
My first attempt at writing a History article, so here goes... 
The First and Second Balkan War's
Following the weakening of the Ottoman influence in the Balkans, and the Austro-Hungarian annex of Bosnia-Herzegovina in 1908. The nations of Greece, Serbia, Montenegro, and Bulgaria secretly signed a pact the Balkan League against the ever weakening Ottoman Empire on March 13'th, 1912. The pact divided the Ottoman controlled portion of the Balkans to be divided between the League members.
The First Balkan war began when in October the 8th 1912, Montenegro declared a war against the Turks, and within 10 days all of Montenegros allies where at war with Turkey. Within a few weeks the Turks had retreated to maintaining the defense at Istanbul, and the Ottoman controlled part of Balkan was now in the hands of the Balkan League nations. Serbia had gained a Adriatic Port at Durazzo, but both Austria-Hungary and Italy were against this acquisition because both of them feared that it may become a Russian port.
While fighting took place at Adrianople, Scutari, and Janina, the armistice was signed, and a peace conference met at London in December, 1912. The negotiations broke down when a Military coup occurred at Istanbul which brought into power a group of men who were determined upon resistance. The war resumed in Spring of 1913. Adrianople, Scutari and Janina fell, and the fighting ended. The Treaty of London ended the First Balkan War on May 30'th, 1913. Turkey ceded all possessions in Europe to the allies west of a line from Enos on the Aegean Sea to Midia on the Black Sea, with the exception of Albania. The Great Powers began to draw the lines of a new Albanian State. Turkish sovereignty over Crete was withdrawn and it was united with Greece. The Aegean islands which Greece occupied were left to the Great Powers.
The Second Balkan War began when Serbia, Greece, and Romania quarreled with Bulgaria over the division of their joint conquests in Macedonia. On June 1, 1913, Serbia and Greece formed an alliance against Bulgaria, and the war began on the night of June 29/30, 1913, when King Ferdinand of Bulgaria ordered his troops to attack Serbian and Greek forces in Macedonia. The Bulgarians were defeated, however, and a peace treaty was signed between the combatants on Aug. 10'th, 1913. Under the terms of the treaty, Greece and Serbia divided up most of Macedonia between themselves, leaving Bulgaria with only a small part of the region.
As a result of the Balkan Wars, Greece gained southern Macedonia as well as the island of Crete. Serbia gained the Kosovo region and extended into northern and central Macedonia. Albania was made an independent state under a German prince.
First Balkan War (1912)
Black line: frontiers at outset of the war
Green line: frontiers of Ottoman Empire at outset of war
Darker colors: Serb, Bulgarian, Greek and Montenegrian gains
The Second Balkan War (1913)
Dark colors represent areas lost by Bulgaria to her neighbors
The First and Second Balkan War's
Following the weakening of the Ottoman influence in the Balkans, and the Austro-Hungarian annex of Bosnia-Herzegovina in 1908. The nations of Greece, Serbia, Montenegro, and Bulgaria secretly signed a pact the Balkan League against the ever weakening Ottoman Empire on March 13'th, 1912. The pact divided the Ottoman controlled portion of the Balkans to be divided between the League members.
The First Balkan war began when in October the 8th 1912, Montenegro declared a war against the Turks, and within 10 days all of Montenegros allies where at war with Turkey. Within a few weeks the Turks had retreated to maintaining the defense at Istanbul, and the Ottoman controlled part of Balkan was now in the hands of the Balkan League nations. Serbia had gained a Adriatic Port at Durazzo, but both Austria-Hungary and Italy were against this acquisition because both of them feared that it may become a Russian port.
While fighting took place at Adrianople, Scutari, and Janina, the armistice was signed, and a peace conference met at London in December, 1912. The negotiations broke down when a Military coup occurred at Istanbul which brought into power a group of men who were determined upon resistance. The war resumed in Spring of 1913. Adrianople, Scutari and Janina fell, and the fighting ended. The Treaty of London ended the First Balkan War on May 30'th, 1913. Turkey ceded all possessions in Europe to the allies west of a line from Enos on the Aegean Sea to Midia on the Black Sea, with the exception of Albania. The Great Powers began to draw the lines of a new Albanian State. Turkish sovereignty over Crete was withdrawn and it was united with Greece. The Aegean islands which Greece occupied were left to the Great Powers.
The Second Balkan War began when Serbia, Greece, and Romania quarreled with Bulgaria over the division of their joint conquests in Macedonia. On June 1, 1913, Serbia and Greece formed an alliance against Bulgaria, and the war began on the night of June 29/30, 1913, when King Ferdinand of Bulgaria ordered his troops to attack Serbian and Greek forces in Macedonia. The Bulgarians were defeated, however, and a peace treaty was signed between the combatants on Aug. 10'th, 1913. Under the terms of the treaty, Greece and Serbia divided up most of Macedonia between themselves, leaving Bulgaria with only a small part of the region.
As a result of the Balkan Wars, Greece gained southern Macedonia as well as the island of Crete. Serbia gained the Kosovo region and extended into northern and central Macedonia. Albania was made an independent state under a German prince.
First Balkan War (1912)
Black line: frontiers at outset of the war
Green line: frontiers of Ottoman Empire at outset of war
Darker colors: Serb, Bulgarian, Greek and Montenegrian gains
The Second Balkan War (1913)
Dark colors represent areas lost by Bulgaria to her neighbors
Listed.
