King Flevance said:
How did you get that?
<- Green with envy.
That stuff is expensive.
And then to not be able to use it...
It's a video game. There's certain limitations placed upon it as a result. Realism can only meld so well with quality gameplay. As was said previously, random events such as an earthquake were removed for gameplay reasons, despite reducing the realism of the game.
Keep in mind, also, that some of the things you're asking for were implemented in earlier Civ games, and removed. Others were probably implemented in alpha/beta versions of all of the games, and were also removed. Again, gameplay and realism are a balance.
Notice that there are other games on the market. Some of them sacrifice gameplay for realism, others realism for gameplay. Typically, the ones that promote gameplay are more successful. The ones that promote realism tend to do poorly. Ultimatly, Civ's success lies in its excellent balance of the two aspects.
The only things I see the game lacking are as follows:
1) A gamespeed at which research is slowed down, but not production (OP seems to be looking for this as well). Marathon is a partial acknowledgement of this (units move at the same rate, so you can use the same era units for far more battles on Marathon speed than you can on Quick or Normal speed).
2) Who got rid of the Palace improvement feature? One of my favorite parts of the original Civ (quite possibly the thing that attracted me to it most) was building my palace from a stone hovel to some grand structure (though I could never fully improve it, which always vexxed me).
As for editing, a lot of the things you're looking to edit can be done through the XML files, which really only requires moderate brain power and Notepad to do. Leaders names, city names, new civs, etc can all be permenantly edited or added in this way. A little exploration will reveal things like the Minor civ, which I believe was included as a basis for creating a new civ, or additional artwork for things such as leader heads and civ flags.