Edit: This has turned in to the World 2009 mod!
From what I can tell, all you need to know is xml and python. Python isn't completely nescesary or XML to a lesser extent. Use Rhyse Earth Map or GEM and make a WBS scenerio out of it. I might be able to help a little bit.
If you want a distinct difference between active wars, border conflicts, stand offs, and regular peace time, it would probably require some high level coding. I have no idea how you would simulate such differences though (or what all of those terms fully imply, for that matter).
Also, Looking at the list of things you need help with, I suggest you create a mod folder, copy a bunch of XML files, and start playing around with stuff. Also, read some of the tutorials on Civfanatics. A lot of the stuff you've put there is very straightforward, and good to get experience in (especially if you want to lead a team for a major mod).