1) I do not think this was a false flag operation, for two reasons. Firstly, Erdogan do not need he has absolute power right now; secondly he wouldn't risk such a move which could ignite a real coup.
2) All evidence points to a group of couple hundred Gülen Movement members. So this explains lack of support from -still- mostly kemalist military.
3) According to a reputable journalist, Ahmet Şık -whom i trust- most of the members of the coup group was supposed to be arrested at 4 am this morning. They learned them yesterday and executed their plan in progress prematurely. Which explain all the stupidities during the attempt.
4) Erdoğan was not out of country but in vacation in Turkey. Some 40 commandos are sent to capture him, and stormed the hotel he stayed, but they were too late he was already in te air by then. So the success of the coup mostly dependent on capturing Erdoğan, which kind of make sense since their attemp was a desperate one if Ahmet Şık's intel is correct. (very similar to 20 July coup Attempt)
5) AKP used mosques to mobilize its supporters. They played call to prayer with a special call which we call Sala in turkey till morning continously, apparently that meant call for Jihad. Also some imams used mosque speakers to call people to get out and resist.
6) Overwhelming majority of military was not involved in coup attempt but they were not mobilized to crush the attempt also. I am not sure if this were a concious decision by government or they just didn't react to see which side will prevail. (If it is the former i think it's unexpectedly rational and smart decision by erdoğan)
7) According to Mayor of Ankara (which can not be trusted in any matter) Social Media outage at the begining of the attempt was implemented by government but he advised to lift it so people can get organised.
8) Related to previous point, the coup did not seize the TİB(Presidency of Telecommunication, Communication) which controls all telecommunication of Turkey. Which is the most stupid decision they could make.
9) I had a gut feeling that there is preparation for a coup in Turkey for a while and i belive this is not it. So I still expect a coup d'état in turkey in the coming months but this time a proper one.