Well, I certainly enjoyed this game!
Wonders
I finally gave up my Wonder addiction. Thank you kindly, Niklas. I owe you one. I tried to build a total of 0 World Wonders and I achieved that goal successfully!
Early Rush?
Gallic-Warrior-rushing Churchill wasn't going to happen because I had had the brainwave of trading a lot of religious techs to him, as he was the first to pick up Alphabet--this tech trading included giving him Priesthood. Churchill was more than happy to build The Oracle, grab Monarchy, and then immediately tech to Feudalism. Sigh, there went any reasonable hope of an early rush.
Chosen Victory Condition
Having to play without Stone and Marble was indeed a challenge.
Cultural Victory in 1878 AD. Sort of. Let's step back about 15 turns, to around 1850 AD.
Cultural Competition
My closest Cultural competition came from Willem, who had spammed 3 religions early on. He was due to win in about 1910 AD.
Spaceship Competition
My closest Spaceship competition came from Joao II, who had all parts except for Engine parts. Joao II was scheduled to complete the first Engine part in 1860 AD and would launch immediately. Most of the other AI were building Casing and Thruster components, so they weren't even close to finishing anytime soon, but Frederick tried to one-up Joao II by launching a Spaceship with all parts (including both Engine parts) being completed in 1866 AD.
Diplomatic Competition
Diplomatically, Hannibal had built The Apostolic Palace with Judaism, but hadn't been able to make a go of it as Churchill spammed Taoism across the world and eventually converted everyone (other than Hannibal with his Judaism)--that is, everyone who wasn't going to stick it out in Free Religion (which Willem did). A few turns before The United Nations was built, Hannibal gave up on Judaism (founded by nearby neighbour Willem) and switched to Christianity, which Hannibal had founded.
As far as the UN went, the vote was for Willem (the builder of it) vs Frederick (who had settled the Iron to the west near the English all the way to the eastern lands of the continent, minus a couple of Barb cities that I'd managed to grab at the far east end of the continent). Eventually, his culture from the many surrounding cities he had placed managed to take all but one of my cities out there.
Frederick, had he played his cards right, would have had enough votes to win diplomatically, had I voted for him. In fact, with Joao II and Lincoln voting for him, he would have had enough if Churchill had helped to sway the vote; however, strangely, Frederick kept throwing spies at Churchill and had a -5 relations-modifier from caught spies, leaving Churchill only Pleased with Frederick instead of the previous Friendly opinion... later this number swelled to a -8 relations-modifier with Churchill from all of the spies that had been caught. Oh well, at least you can count on some AI stupidity or at least lack of a clear victory condition.
Wars
Stepping back several centuries, Hannibal and Willem had fought to a standstill for many turns, until finally Willem swayed the battle and captured two cities. After that point, Hannibal was getting small and became that which I feared he would become--a "target" for those looking to pick up a vassal.
Willem wasn't interested in further war with Hannibal, but Frederick declared, bringing Churchill in. Churchill brought me in, but then two turns later a vote stopped all wars against Churchill! My seashores got ransacked when Hannibal's ships suddenly didn't have to put up with Churchill's own navy. Still, I hung in there, ending up with only one less Great Artist being able to pop as a result (which would not have been enough to sway victory by more than two turns).
Lincoln, with his vassal Tokugawa (founded from the island to the east of Joao's capital)--who knows why Joao wouldn't touch the island so close to his starting point--decided he'd join in on the fun and fought against Hannibal as well. We fought to a standstill, with typical AI-stupidity for inter-continental wars leading to no city trades, just a lot of naval battles, the result of which being mine and Hannibal's fisheries being pillaged.
The Island to the East
Speaking of islands, I'd managed to miss out on the one to the east of us, thinking that a city with one Fish resource wasn't worth settling. On this map, it would have been, but normally I leave such Resource-poor locations to the AI. I'd had the time to settle there, thanks to culture from early religion getting my borders out far enough to the island, in order for my Galley to see orange-borders (but not meet Hannibal) a bit to the east of the island. So, I'd had opportunity to settle it, but I had assumed (incorrectly) that if the AI settled it, I would obtain access to trade routes from their cities.
As DynamicSpirit had pointed out, that little island was pretty important to get. It may have made a big difference in my game, as for a few centuries, I'd been stuck with that one island of Hannibal's being my only foreign trade route, as Churchill and Frederick were happy to stick it out in Mercantilism for ages. Just that one city being settled by me could have meant a difference of 80 or more raw commerce a turn for a good 50 turns--a major, major potential difference in my game.
Back to the Present
Back to the 1800 ADs, Frederick was simply short of one AI to help him get voted in as leader of the UN. Churchill was out, thanks to the increasing use of spies on Frederick's part. That left me (haha, no way), Tokugawa (who did not much like Frederick but had he liked him, would have put Frederick about 5 votes short of victory--enough, probably, with a time factor randomly growing the size of cities allowing for a random win if Frederick had tried to win enough times), or Hannibal (who hated Frederick's guts).
Unfortunately, Willem never picked up the sword again against Hannibal and although Lincoln and I tired of the fighting, Frederick kept up the war and eventually dragged Churchill back into it, once the "no one is allowed to declare war on Churchill and vice versa" UN resolution wore off. Unfortunately, the combined pressure on Hannibal let Frederick take one city--and Hannibal immediately capitulated. What a softy!
So, with an impending Diplomatic Victory vote called in 1850 AD, I abstained and quickly queried Hannibal on what he thought of Frederick. Slanderous words such as "Frederick is a dirty, rotten scoundrel!" and "Frederick? A treacherous cowardly baboon," were not enough to pacify my worries. Sure enough, the next turn, Hannibal showed us who the true coward was by tipping the balance of the votes in Frederick's favour.
So, about 15 turns from a Cultural Victory and bam, Frederick the dirty, rotten baboon steals victory from my clutches. Still, it would have been a tight race against that Spaceship of Joao's and even likely Frederick's Spaceship--I was able to keep playing to see exactly when they launched and when I would have won, but I don't know when their Spaceships would have "arrived," as that detail does not seem to be reported once a player (or an AI) has already won a victory condition.