I'm going to go through your comments in a bit, but first I have my own modifications for the second half.
Economy
Decentralization
Low upkeep
Default Economy civic
No bonuses or penalties
Alternatively, Agrarian Society is the default Economy civic and has no tech requirement:
Agrarian Society – Available with Calendar
Medium upkeep
+1

from Farms
-25%

in all cities
Conquest – Available with Warfare
Medium upkeep

builds units
+2 XP per unit
+100%

from pillaging, city conquest
Mercantilism – Available with Mercantilism [Kind of late, but the tech is there…]
Medium upkeep
No foreign trade routes
+3

per city
Open Markets – Available with Trade
No upkeep
+1

per city
Additional +1

in coastal cities
+1

from foreign trade routes [not sure if this can be implemented; maybe steal the bonus in Hearth and Home instead]
Guardians of Nature – Available with Hidden Paths
Medium upkeep
+5

in all cities
-1

from Watermill, Lumbermill, Mine, Quarry
+2

from Grove
+1

from Forest, Ancient Forest, Jungle
Requires Fellowship of Leaves
Cultural Values
Expediency
No upkeep
Default Cultural Value
No modifiers or penalties
Alternatively, Hearth and Home is the default cultural value and has no tech requirement:
Hearth and Home – Available with Festivals
No upkeep
+10%

+1

per luxury resource
-25% military production
Duty – Available with Bronze Working
No upkeep
+1

from Temple, Courthouse, Basilica
-25% maintenance costs
Glory – Available with Drama
Low upkeep
+25%

production
Free Empower I promotion to new melee, ranged and mounted units
Knowledge – Available with Arcane Lore
Low upkeep
+10%

from Library, Alchemist Lab
+1

from specialists
Arete – Available with Arete
Medium upkeep
+1

from Bard, Great Bard
+1

from Scientist, Great Scientist
+1

from Merchant, Great Merchant
+1

from Engineer, Great Engineer
+25%

Requires Runes of Kilmorph
Sacrifice the Weak – Available with Infernal Pact
Medium upkeep
Can sacrifice population to rush production
Citizens eat 1

instead of 2
No

production
+4

Requires Ashen Veil
Justice – Available with Orders from Heaven
High upkeep
+1

per

penalty to civs without Justice
Requires Order
Diplomacy
Neutrality
No upkeep
Default Diplomacy
No modifiers or penalties
Undercouncil – Available with Deception
No upkeep
Enables the Undercouncil
Requires Neutral or Evil alignment
Overcouncil – Available with Honor
No upkeep
Enables the Overcouncil
Requires Neutral or Good alignment
Crusade – Available with Fanaticism [This makes them unable to be a part of the Overcouncil. Sounds right to me.]
High upkeep
No

No diplomacy while at war
Access to Demagogue unit
Can Draft units
Requires Bannor
Light of Truth – Available with Honor
No upkeep
Enables the Overcouncil
+1 vote in the Overcouncil
Free Perfect Sight promotion to new units
+2 diplomatic modifier with Good and Neutral leaders
Requires Empyrean
Veil of Secrecy – Available with Deception
No upkeep
Enables the Undercouncil
+1 vote in the Undercouncil
[Something else]
Requires Council of Esus
I’m not really sure that the Empyrean and Esus special civics are a good idea, though. Especially since I nixed the OO special civic.