A for moving people to Mars, this would be a living hell.As for moving people to Mars, human expansion is necessary for our survival of potentially cataclysmic events as well as to relieve the burden on our own home planet.

So I vote for other people being deported there and me staying here. Anyway, even if you want to imagine terraformation and such, you're still limited to two planets and the last time I checked physics said it is not possible to go faster than light, so bye bye other systems (physics laws are hard es that never tolerate any exception - at best you can find one more gentle than the others and willing to beat them up for you, but so there seem to be none this time).
By the way, people tend to put a lot of faith into science, but nature is inflexible, so I do not think that everything you imagine is possible. By the way, medicine did greatly improved the children's health (50% of them were dying before being 10 in the renaissance) and survival to parturition for women, but the life expectancy once you reach 60 is about the same than it was a century ago, although we're dying from different things.
For the rest of your post, you're assuming that AI would unavoidably being architectured like humans. But nothing proves that intelligence needs emotions in order to establish priorities. And what you say about the limbic and prefrontal cortexes does not actually prove that emotions are required for humans (!= AI) to establish priorities, it may just be that the limbic cortex is required for both emotions and priorities.

Also, as I already stated, what nature does, we can do it better. So, I am certain that we can make machines that last longer than we do.