Here are some other threads in which the same issue is discussed:
http://forums.civfanatics.com/showthread.php?t=471464
http://forums.civfanatics.com/showthread.php?t=474428
(BTW, the first link, a thread started by Mercade, illustrates the same phenomenon as mentioned here: Wittenberg has a mined coal resource, but doesn't grant it to you. However, Genoa has unmined coal. If you pay them to mine it, then you then get the resource.)
This thread discusses a parallel issue: A CS grants you a resource for which you don't have the required tech, but you can use the resource anyway. Also, the CS dialog box does not show the resource is available.
The current situation appears to be that:
* A CS can grant you a resource if and only if it has the required tech.
* You can see the resource in the CS dialog box (and in other diplomatic screens) if and only if you have the required tech.
* You can use a granted resource whether or not you have the required tech.
* CSs can have varying levels of research.
It definitely seems to be a bug that you can use a resource before you have the required tech. I'm not sure that being able to see the CSs resources before they have the tech is a bug, but it certainly is misleading.