I am really confused by emergencies as well. I just had a military emergency occur that targeted Shaka because he captured a single Khmer city, but I was inexplicably not allowed to participate in the voting at the World Congress. I am not allied or even friends with Shaka, so I don't see why I was excluded. Hungary was apparently excluded as well, but everyone else was allowed to vote. None of this really makes any sense, particularly since Shaka was not leading in any victory condition when he captured the tiny Khmer city, which was what I thought was the prerequisite for a military emergency in the first place. Are these things just completely random?