This is pure speculation since I haven't bothered to test it out, perhaps you can if you're really curious
Each unit is a "power" and "asset" value assigned to them in the xml file (units\Civ4UnitInfos.xml) with these two lines:
<iAsset>0</iAsset>
<iPower>0</iPower>
Later units have increasingly higher power ratings than the early units and most units within an era are fairly close.
Buildings have the same two lines defined for each building, leading me to believe that certain buildings will also affect your power rating if these values are even used for that. The only buildings with any "power" value on them are Walls, Castle, Barracks, Drydock, Forge, Factory, Heroic Epic, Iron Works, West Point, Mt Rushmore, Red Cross, Scotland Yard and Chichen Iza.
Should be easy enough to test with the world builder if you're really curious.