Science directly provides tourism by unlocking techs such as radio earlier. You save a game at the renaissance tree unlock and try it, I'm very confident rationalism will get its broadcast towers first. You just don't build stuff like customs houses or banks everywhere and gain production that way. Growth actually provides tourism as well, because of things like zoos, culture tiles, and broadcast towers. Science allows you to build wonders and generate historic events. Rationalism buff to trading posts also provides tourism, because culture on tile improvements gets converted into tourism by various effects (culture on buildings does not). I think rationalism is much stronger in terms of culture, that free golden age being a great culture boost while industry's culture is very weakI did it in my previous message, didn't i? It is Broadway+trade routes+more production to build stuff easier. What Rationalism does for tourism victory? More science? Its useless after you get to Radio, if you do things right, you win tourism earlier than Internet anyway, and Sydney Opera is useless, cause by that time you either won or use your Great Musicians as touristic nukes anyway
I'm more worried about the difficult games, where an enemy manages to survive my tourism bombardment (which very often means that AI is hostile to me), not games where I win via tourism as soon as I get an ideology (though I think rationalism can unlock ideology faster anyways). In these situations, neither musicians or trade routes are consistent sources of tourism. I find it really difficult to get a trade route to complete around this stage of the game, those free trade routes complete at most once which isn't worth that much tourism.
Broadway is good for tourism, but I think its too little too late. Bleh park is bleh, I won't disagree there, but I don't think broadway carries the tree.
In theory yes, but I never have issues fielding a large enough army as rationalism. I really hope G increases late game unit costs, because IMO its way too cheap to purchase. If purchase costs were higher, industry would be strongerIndustry is the Quantity policy versus Rationalism is Quality policy. More soldiers, more infrastructure and more gold to support them. You will not have most advanced soldiers but more of whatever you get.