With the resource thing: I always have at least 2 of every resources in the game. The reason being because I wage war a lot and take most of the territory off the AI's. If you have a big area, your chances that you will get a resource is greatly improved.
When playing on small maps there aren't as much resources as their are in large/huge maps. So the smaller your map, the less resources.
Another factor that can cause less resources to show up is how many AI civs are playing. If you have included all the AI's in the boxes then there will be many more resources, especially on huge maps

.
The main thing to get more resources is to get more land. If you have a continent to your self, your likely to get at least one resource of each type (not including lux resources). Unless you are controlling a very small continent. If that is the case, then you should conquer another continent.
The second most important thing is how large the map is. If you play small/tiny maps then you pretty much have to conquer your continent and another continent to get a shot at getting all the resources within your borders. Again, this does not apply to those small continents.
And lastly the third most important thing is how much civs that are playing. If you want as much resources as you can get, include all the AI's in the box.
So to sum it all up, if you were playing a huge map, had a reasonably large empire and had all civs playing, you are very likely to get at least one of all strategic resources.
And I see psweetman has answered your other question

.