You can live with vitamin deficiencies, so just because people have made a living from the sea doesn't mean they were as healthy as they could have been. Certain edible seaweeds are an excellent source of calcium, iodine, magnesium... but they're found near shore and even then, not everywhere near shore. They don't grow in the middle of open water. I'm not sure there's much point in having a don't-go-to-shore rule if you need to be within a country's territorial waters to harvest kelp.