Nice, I'll try.
Right-click on Civ V icon in Steam, go to Properties, and then click the Local Files tab, and then Verify Game Cache.
When I am in the properties window of steam all it says is shortcut. I went to the library tab and right clicked on the Civ 5 icon, scrolled down to properties and clicked on it and a window popped up with the tab 'shortcut'. I don't know how to get the local file tab.
That's because you're right-clicking what I assume is the desktop shortcut. What you need to do is locate the game in the 'Library' tab in Steam. You should be able to open Steam by double-clicking the Steam icon in the system tray.