I struggled with this. I could withstand war with archers without problems but once cuirassiers and cavalary hit there is no chance.
Another problem I've had is lack of culture. My borders kept getting pushed back. I would have lost the game but for educational purposes i worldbuildered some artists and defence and played on. At the end two camps were in war and I was few techs behind so space is definitely doable here.
Q: how many forests did you chop and farm? I went with 3 Farmed cows and elephants after biology also
I like to play either as always war or always peace with tech trading off.
I tech:
- worker techs
- writing after 2 workers start building library, queue warriors
- alphabet (with tech trading off i almost never research this early)
- bronze working
- in this game i teched towards literature and built great library
then I tech towards math COL, CS, Philosophy. Depending if pyrs can be safely built i go either pyrs or skip monarchy and go for drama
After having rep/monarchy, caste, pacifism I go education and then biology (chemistry before scientific methods) I build all monasteries, otherwise build research and/or units in between
After biology I beline assembly line, steel, plastics and then go rocketry and towards space victory
Seems like I could have teched better to trade since by the time of liberalism I was behind and until biology had no techs to trade.
Also music and culture generating buildings are more important on this level on lower level your city has no problem holding and expanding borders.
Recently I played some OCC always war, no tech trading noble small quick