Shaihulud
Deity
I am limited in my understanding of the ancient philosophy of the Western World, my only source are the snippets that I found from the internet and Betrand Russell: Book Of Western Philosophy. Surely the example of India and China shows that advance scientific thoughts and theories can arise in polytheistic societies. Actually I don't really think that being a monotheist or polytheist has much impact on the scientific thoughts of a civilization, i think a more important factor is that it contains a large number of people to support a few "nobles" who has time to think up stuff.