Which canals are you talking about? Most canals, like Panama, White-Baltic, and Kiel, rely on multiple series of locks simply to balance between the different water levels of the two sides, and while a handful like the Suez don't require any locks, that one still requires regular maintenance to prevent it from simply silting over as other canals in that locale have repeatedly in history since the days of the Pharaohs. For lock canals, if you destroy the locks, you destroy the canal, at least as far as navigability is concerned. For canals like Suez, it's still easy to destroy them insofar as navigability is concerned just by scuttling some poor merchant's ship right in the middle or stopping maintenance from being done, or for a more rigorous solution, dropping pre-prepared material into it to hull any ships that try to make the passage.