Some civics, especially Labor Union behave quite odd.
With hired labor workers were paid and their work was voluntary. Apart from their right to leave their job they had little rights to protect them.
The fact that work was voluntary was kind of a sham since their wasn't really an alternative. As a result the workers started to have strikes, revolt,
and sabotage their employers.
Eventually workers managed to form unions and we enter the Labor Union. Here, rather then riot and cause rucuss, workers can negotiate benefits
with their employer so that both sides are happy.
Ironically, the benefits the workers wanted actually benefited the employer in the long run. Most of the welfare benefits we have today were actually invented by a german steel industry.
(see krupp welfare system). By giving workers free education, free healthcare, and weekends off he saved money by reducing turnover, having more skilled workers.
Now lets look at the LAbor Union/ welfare in invictus...
+4 health, -4% pandemics chance- Ok, you got the general populace able to get health care. this works.
- happiness to empires without welfare- Did you know canada has free healthcare along with most western states. Most americans could care less.
-1 unhappiness in 4 largest cities- Here is where you lost me. Welfare, and unions were attempts to alleviate unhappiness caused by hired labor.
Here were somehow assuming that workers under hired labor 'don't know any better' and don't start to get mad until you start to fix it. Really, FIRST the workers got mad, THEN welfare and unions were created. I have no clue how the system creates unhappiness.
-10% production, -10% commerce See the Krupp welfare system. As an aspiring economist I have to debunk this myth that somehow when you give workers welfare and rights they become less productive then before. I can see the -10% commerce, since these benefits are expensive to the state, but -10% production is...just...wrong.
- Preventitive Helathcare- Workers are able to get checkups and thus do not get sick. A healthy worker is a productive worker.
- Free education means an increase in skilled workers. Skilled workers are more productive then unskilled labor.
- The invention of the workweek, and sane hours- Ensure a sane, stable worker capable of organizing his life, and getting proper sleep. An alert, happy worker is less likely to make mistakes. A well-rested worker is more productive then a overworked worker.
- Fair Wages- Paying workers enough money to go on vacation, feed their families, and even enjoy themselves. By paying more money you are able to choose from a larger pool of skilled workers as opposed to taking whoever is desperate enough. You are also ensuring that this worker isn't preoccupied with trivial things like will my child starve, will I have a home. Instead they can give their full attention to the work place.
Again all of these ideas were first created by a capitalist running the largest steel industry in europe because they made good economical sense.
I'm changing it a bit in my game. The tricky part is how social garuntees are kind of separate, but not separate, since its the social garuntees that really benefit productivity and growth.