1. Who am I?
I am a philosopher of the enlightment. I lived in a country run by the prototype of enlightened monarchs. I had a dispute concerning religion with a Swiss priest, to whom I wrote several letters. I had a friend who made immortal in one of his works. I suggest several guys to read this opus. My grandson became also famous but in another branch.
Who am I (35 pts)? Who is the monarch and where did I live (30 pts)? Who is the Swiss priest (25 pts)? What is my religion (20 pts)? Who is this friend (20 pts)? What is the name of the opus and what is the role of me (20 pts)? Who should read it espeacially (20 pts)? What is the key part of this work (30 pts)? This part is even older. Where it comes from (25 pts.)? Who is my grandson (15 pts.)? Where was he born (10 points)?
I am Moses Mendelssohn. I lived in Berlin under the reign of Frederic the Great. The Swiss priest was Lavater. Mendelssohn was a Jew. His friend was Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, who made him immortal as the Jew Nathan in Nathan der Weise (1779, Nathan the Wise). Everyone who is intolerant concerning religion should read it, mostly in the Middle East at the moment. This was a subjective question as wanted to hear any intolerant people. I Would have accepted any valid answer. No one did so. The key part of Nathan der Weise is the so called Ringparabel, in which a man has a ring, which makes him to be liked by other people. The ring is given to the son the man most liked. At one day a man had this ring from his father. And he had three sons who he loved all in the very same way. He could not decide, whom to give, so he gave the ring to a jewelry to make 2 copies. Then the man died and none of the brothers knew if the ring they got is the right one, nor if the ring is still among them as all three rings looked identical. They even did not know, if the father destroyed the one ring nor if the jewelry kept it and made three copies. So they decided to let the people decide, which one is the right ring.
Lessing got this from the Il Decamerone by Boccaccio. Mendelsohns grand son was Felix Mendelsohn- Bartholdy, who was born in Hamburg.
2. Who am I?
I am a woman. I was born in Rome and despite being a child I was witness of one of the most curious trials. Aged 15 I was tought how to make love to love the only man I really loved in my life. From him I got a son who later should have the same profession like my lover, as well as my grandson. From a later marriage I had a second son who arrested me after feeling insulted by my new husband shortly after the marriage. From then on I disaappear in history and there are several rumors about my end.
Who am I (25 pts.)? What was this trial I had to witness (25 pts.)? Who was the defandant and what was the special about him (20 pts.)? Who was my lover, my sons and my grandson (20 pts. each= 80)? How died my grandson (25 pts.)? Name a rumor how I ended (20 pts)? What is the name of the reign started with my rulership (20 pts.)? Who invented the name (25 pts.)? What was the consequence later made and still is in force, although very questioned (10 pts)?
Marozia. The cadaver synode, in which the dead pope Formosus was trialed. Sergius III, John XI., Alberich II., John XII., who was killed by an envious husband after he saw his husband and John in one bed... Marozia most likely died in prison, muredered. However it is said after the death of Alberich she was freed and let the dead body of his son give to the dogs. Pornocracy, a term first used by Cesare Baronius. This was one reason for the coelibat.
3. What is pok ta pok (35 pts)? What modern activity can have here roots found in (25 pts)? What is the Atzecan glyphe for the place, here I mean the name of it (35 pts)? Who made it at first (25 pts)? And what significance it had for the Mesoamerican population (20 pts)?
140 pts.
The Mesoamerican ball game, which is one of the fathers of the Basketball. Tlachli. The Olmecs. It was very important as it had also religious significance as well. Also the loser team sometimes did not have the chance to play it ever again...
4. The SS is seen as criminal organisation. However one branch of it not. Which branch and why (25 pts. each)?
50 pts.
The so called Reiter SS. In this branch many relatives of the British King were involved and so it was excluded.
5. Naval history:True or false?
a) The German Fleet torpedo boats, type 1939, were a successful design, but although they executed nearly all other kind of missions they never torpedoed an enemy ship. If no, name a torpedoed warship (15 pts).
b) An Italian submarine sank a British destroyer with gunfire, although a bit indirectly. If yes name both vessels (15 pts each).
c) The Soviets were, according to the losses of great warships (over 1000 ts and submarines) the main opponent of the Kriegsmarine after the Royal Navy. Give the next three nations! (15 pts.)
d) One Uboat was lost because of a mulfunction in its toilet. If yes, name the boat (10 pts)!
e) After the Italians were surrendering all Italian hold Greek islands without Crete and Rhodos were taken over by the Royal Navy in a short fight. If yes, when did the last Greek island before Crete and Rhodos fell, surrender (10 pts.)?
f) A US destroyer sank 7 enemy submarines in 14 days.
g) In ww1 German ships and crews did not fight against Italians, even after the war began due to a certain circumstance. If yes, name the circumstance (15 pts)
h) The HMS Egret was the first ship to be hit with a guided missile. If no, name the ship (15 pts).
i) The never completed carrier Graf Zeppelin is indirectly responsible for the sinking of enemy warships. If yes, how? Name a ship. (20 pts.)
j) U 9´s victory about three armoured cruiser under Weddigen was the first success of Uboats ever. Name the ships (15 pts.). If no, what was the first victim and the Uboat (20 pts)?
150 pts. for the bonus questions. 5 pts. for all guessed question, 10 if 5 were solved and 15 if all. Beware that some of the bonus questions are wrong and you have to tell me so to get the points.
Up to 300 pts.
a) False. There are some ships to be torpedoed by the German Fleet destroyer, like the British Light Cruiser HMS Charybdis and the destroyer HMS Limbourne. These ships, together with some other destroyer tried to attack the German blockade runner Münsterland, which was escorted by Fleet torpedo boats in 1943. Although spotted by RADAr, the German ships made a torpedo attack on the fleet sinking both ships by torpedoes of T 23, T 27, resp. T 22.- The other British ships abandoned the attack after that. No German ships was hit.
b) True. HMS Khartoum sank the Italian submarine Torricelli. However before the submarine was sunk HMS Khartoum was several times hit by the deck gun. Due to incompetent damage control the destroyer caught fire and had to be beached in the Red Sea. It burnt out. So indirectly the ship was destroyed by gunfire.
c) True. The US, the French and the Canadians are the next on the list.
d) True. U 1206.
e) False. Although the British attacked and took some of the Italian hold islands they were repelled by the Germans. German garrisons existed there until May 1945, when (nearly) all German units surrendered.
f) False. USS England sank 6 Japanese submarines in 12 days but not more.
g) False. Even before Germany was at war with Italy Uboats flying the Austrian ensign were attacking Italian ships in the Med.
h) False. HMS Egret was the first ship to be sunk but not hit. That were the frigates HMS Landguard and HMS Bideford, which were damaged on August 25th.
i) The Graf Zeppelin was never completed, but she had already a flight group. The Ju 87 Stukas of Trägergruppe 186 sank the Polish destroyer Wicher on Sept. 3rd 1939. So indirectly she sank an enemy ship.
j) Flase. That was U 21 by sinking HMS Pathfinder a light cruiser. However U 9 sank HMS Aboukir, HMS cressy, HMS Hogue only little later.
6. Who/ what is:
a) Awonawilona
b) Arrow Boy
c) Begocidi (bonus 10 pts: translate the name!)
d) Wisakedjak
e) Chibiabos
f) Dena
g) Foam woman & weeping woman
h) Hastshin
i) Iktomi
j) Inyan
k) Iqiasuak
l) Kachinas
m) Kivas
n) Kats
o) Masawu
p) Manitu
q) Mishipizheu
r) Nanih Waiya
s) Norelputus
t) Pavayoykyasi
15 pts. each. Also tell me the tribes of them, so Manitu and the Atztecs for example (10 pts each)
a) Awonawilona is a Zuni god of tow sexes who made the Earth.
b) Arrow Boy is a hero of the Cheyenne who gave his people the ceremonies of the medicine bag from the Ghost world.
c) Begocidi is a trickster of the Navajos who is keen on women who give birth to monsters if they sleep with him. Begocidi means breast groper

d) Wisakedjak is a hero of the Algokin. After his brother is killed by water snakes, he kills their king, but in the fight the whole earth is flooded. The hero survives to rebuild earth.
e) Chibiabos is a wolf and according to the belief of the fox he is the Master of the dead.
f) Dena are three Athapascian tribes, Degexitan, Koyukon and Tanana.
g) Foam and Weeping woman are the Grand mothers of the Haida. However as foam woman also a ghost or several ghosts in the South of the US and Mexico are known. Once a young mother killed her children in fury because of her husband. She was at once sorry but condemned to search her children at the river. Sometimes it is said she attacks and drowns people.
Although this is not the answer I wanted, I accepted it as valid.
h) The Hastshin are "gods" in the belief of the Jicarilla, who made the world.
i) Iktomi is a trickster of the Sioux, who played a trick on Wi and Hanwe, the gods of Moon and Sun, who were in the consequence doomed to go on their way alone.
j) Inyan, the rock, is in the Sioux believe the origin of everything. Inyan was a powerful huge soft mass with blu blood. It was alone and so it made Maka, Earth from his cropse. But his blue blood did not stop to run until the sky and the water were made. Due to the loss of blood, Inyan lost his power and became hard and smaller, a rock.
k) Iqiasuk was in the legends of the Inuit, a lazy man, who transmuted into a Cariboo, which was shot by a lazy hunter. Because he forgot to take also the head from the corpse, Iqiasuk´s soul was trapped in the dead body until another hunter took the horns.
l) Kachinas are the gods of the Hopis.
m) Kivas are ritual caves of the Hopis.
n) Kats is a protagonist of a Tlingit story. He, as member of the Tékwedi clan, married a bear and his children were bears and humans. As he refused to feed his bear children they killed their father. The Tékwedi claimed because of that to have a grizzly head on their totm poles.
o) Masawu is the Kachina, who wellcomed the first humans on Earth after coming from the underworld.
p) Manitu is the Algonkin god.
r) Nanih Waiya is the Holy Hill of the Chactaw, Creek and Cherokee. There either the first humans arrived from the underworld or these tribes found new homes.
s) Norelputus was a 19th century prophet of the Wintu, who gave his people new myths.
t) This is a Hopi god, who makes the dew.
7. What is the Treaty of Tordesillas (25 pts.)? Who was the Portuguese chief negotiator (35 pts.)? What were the problems in the treaty concerning the content, I mean what problems with the words existed (2* 25 pts)? Why was it made (25 pts)? Why was the treaty not accepted by the other nations (15 pts)?
150 pts.
The treaty of Tordesillas parted the Earth in two parts, one belongin to Spain, the other to Portugal, whose chief negitiator Duarte Pachego Pereira was. The treaty ruled the basic line was 100 Leguas (~480 km) west of the Capeverdic islands. However there was a dispute, what island to take, and how long a Leua was since it existed the Spanish and the Portugese old and new Leguas. Because of Brazil ,what existence was probably known by the Portuguese.
As it was a treaty against third other nations did not accept it.
8. Who am I?
I was the leader of a strong people which never had his own state. We were fighting for our freedeom but mostly we were also forced to fight for others. I was already 85 when we became trouble with a certain empress. He banned me on an island far away in the North. The sentence to 25 years was thought to be a death sentence. But she did underestimate me. I survived and died as monch on the island, but free aged 113.
Who am I (35 pts.)? Who is the empress (25 pts)? Under which name she was born (25 pts.)? Who is my people (15 pts.)? What is my title (35 pts.)? They twice chose the wrong side in conflicts of the 20th century. Which ones (25 pts each)? Also name the location, where many of us fled and where we were betrayed (20 pts). Who betrayed us there (15 pts.)?
320 pts.
It is the Hetman Peter Kalnischwski, last elected leader of the Cossacks. Catherine the Great, born as Sophie von Anhalt- Zerbst. The cossacks chose the White Russians and the Germans to fight with. They were subpressed and persecuted until the end of the Soviet union. At the end off ww2 many Cossacks in German uniforms fled to Lienz, where they were traded over to the Russians, although the British gave their word not to do this.
9. Why did the German Bundeswehr introduce rectangular glider parachutes as the first armed forces of the world? (50 pts.)
This kind of parachutes was used by sports men at first. But also the armies made programs to introduce. Then an East German authour published an article in a magazine in which he proposed the military use. Believing the NVA was so far advanced the Bundeswehr tried everything to fill this gap. Also it was assumed the Soviets were also very far. In reality it wasn´t. All were on the same level, but due to hurriyng up, the Bundeswehr got the first place. Indeed US soldiers were trained by the Germans to come on that level!
10. Who am I?
I was the king of an African kingdom. I ruled it on the peak of its power. Also I traveled to a holy city. On the way I spent much money. So much I had to take a credit.
Who am I (25 pts.)? What kingdom I ruled (15 pts.)? What was this holy city (10 pts.)? And last but not least what is the reason why I had to take a credit (20 pts.)?
70 pts.
Mansa Musah of Mali. He went on the Hadsch to Mekka, He was very rich and when he came to Egypt he paid the price the others wanted and did not argue with them. On this way the inflation rose and he had to take a credit as he had not enough gold because of the inflation!
11. The biggest bill is the 100.000 $ bill showing Woodrow Wilson. This bill was only used for internal traffic. Since 1969 the bills over 100$ are withdrawn from public.
Pictures:
http://www.mrnussbaum.com/prescurr.htm
Damn, they were not in circulation. I knew what I would do if I found a few of them

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Adler